Europe Frozen Potato Market Forecast to 2030 - Regional Analysis - by Product Type (French Fries, Hash Brown, Shaped, Mashed, Battered/Cooked, Topped/Stuffed, and Others) and End-User (Residential and Commercial)

Europe Frozen Potato Market Forecast to 2030 - Regional Analysis - by Product Type (French Fries, Hash Brown, Shaped, Mashed, Battered/Cooked, Topped/Stuffed, and Others) and End-User (Residential and Commercial)


The Europe frozen potato market is expected to grow from US$ 20,012.83 million in 2023 to US$ 26,955.36 million by 2030. It is estimated to grow at a CAGR of 4.3% from 2023 to 2030.

Rising Demand for Convenience Food Fuel Europe Frozen Potato Market

There is a surge in demand for frozen food due to the rising purchasing power and growing consumer preference toward ready-to-eat convenience food items. The preference for ready-to-eat, microwavable, and ready-to-prepare food products is rising significantly as they are highly suitable for on-the-go consumption and require minimal preparation time. The number of dual-income families in developed countries such as the Germany, and the UK is rising substantially. People find it hard to manage work as well as household chores due to lack of time. Therefore, they prefer to eat out or consume ready-to-eat products that require minimal preparation and cooking efforts. In addition, the number of single or two-person households are growing in various developed nations such as the some European the UK, Germany, etc. Frozen food products are also growing in demand as they have an extended shelf-life, are suitable for single-person consumption, and can be prepared in very less time. Frozen potato satisfies this need of the consumers and is readily available in retail outlets or stores as well as various fast-food chains, hotels, and quick-service restaurants. The rise in the number of retail outlets, convenience stores, and supermarkets has increased the availability of ready-to-eat food, propelling the frozen potato industry to new heights. Fast-food franchises such as McDonald's, Wendy's, Johny Rocket, KFC, Burger King, and Hardy’s substantially impact the Europe frozen potato market. Frozen potatoes give the same benefits and taste as fresh potatoes but have a longer shelf life, which is boosting the market growth. Furthermore, foods such as French fries and wedges are becoming increasingly popular globally, particularly among children and youth, which is catalyzing the growth of the Europe frozen potato market.

Europe Frozen Potato Market Overview

The frozen potato market in Europe is divided into France, Italy, the UK, Russia, Spain, Netherlands, and the Rest of Europe. Transforming lifestyles, changing consumption habits, and preference for quick-snacking items are influencing the Europe frozen potato market growth in Europe. The growing population and rising disposable income, coupled with busy lifestyles, led to the consumption of convenience food, driving the demand for frozen potato products such as French fries, hash brown, mashed potato, potato gems, and others. The rising trend of food on the go in France, Italy, the UK, and Spain is one of the significant factors boosting the expansion of quick-service restaurants and fast-food joints. These restaurants serve various snacking items that are easy to consume on the go and require less preparation time. Frozen potato products need very minimal preparation. These products are cooked just by deep frying or baking. Thus, the hassle-free, and quick preparation required for frozen potato products is driving their demand among European consumers, especially among the younger population and working professionals. This further propels the Europe frozen potato market in Europe.

Europe Frozen Potato Market Revenue and Forecast to 2030 (US$ Million)

Europe Frozen Potato Market Segmentation

The Europe frozen potato market is segmented into product type, end-user, and country.

Based on product type, the Europe frozen potato market is segmented into French fries, hash brown, shaped, mashed, battered/cooked, topped/stuffed, and others. The French fries segment accounted the largest share of the Europe frozen potato market in 2023.

Based on end-user, the Europe Frozen Potato Market is divided into residential and commercial. The commercial segment held a larger share of the Europe frozen potato market in 2023.

Based on country, the Europe frozen potato market is segmented into Germany, the UK, France, Italy, Spain, Russia, Netherlands, and the Rest of Europe. The Rest of Europe dominated the Europe frozen potato market in 2023.

Agristo NV, Aviko B.V., Bart’s Potato Company, Farm Frites International B.V., Greenyard, J.R. Simplot Company, Kipco Damaco NV, Lamb Weston Holdings Inc, Mccain, and The Kraft Heinz Co are some of the leading companies operating in the Europe frozen potato market.

Reasons to Buy

Save and reduce time carrying out entry-level research by identifying the growth, size, leading players, and segments in the Europe frozen potato market.
Highlights key business priorities in order to assist companies to realign their business strategies.
The key findings and recommendations highlight crucial progressive industry trends in Europe frozen potato market, thereby allowing players across the value chain to develop effective long-term strategies.
Develop/modify business expansion plans by using substantial growth offering developed and emerging markets.
Scrutinize in-depth Europe market trends and outlook coupled with the factors driving the market, as well as those hindering it.
Enhance the decision-making process by understanding the strategies that underpin security interest with respect to client products, segmentation, pricing and distribution.


1. Introduction
1.1 The Insight Partners Research Report Guidance
1.2 Market Segmentation
2. Executive Summary
2.1 Key Insights
2.2 Market Attractiveness
3. Research Methodology
3.1 Coverage
3.2 Secondary Research
3.3 Primary Research
4. Europe Frozen Potato Market Landscape
4.1 Overview
4.2 Porter's Five Forces Analysis
4.2.1 Bargaining Power of Suppliers
4.2.2 Bargaining Power of Buyers
4.2.3 Threat of New Entrants
4.2.4 Competitive Rivalry
4.2.5 Threat of Substitutes
4.3 Ecosystem Analysis
4.3.1 Raw Material Suppliers:
4.3.2 Manufacturers:
4.3.3 Distributors or Suppliers:
4.3.4 End-Users:
5. Europe Frozen Potato Market - Key Industry Dynamics
5.1 Market Drivers
5.1.1 Expansion of Quick Service Restaurants (QSRs)
5.1.2 Rising Demand for Convenience Food
5.2 Market Restraints
5.2.1 Increasing Preference for Fresh and Natural Products
5.3 Market Opportunities
5.3.1 Advancement in Cold Chain Infrastructure
5.3.2 Increasing Demand from Asia-Pacific
5.4 Future Trends
5.4.1 Use of Innovative Technologies
5.5 Impact of Drivers and Restraints:
6. Frozen Potato Market - Europe Market Analysis
6.1 Europe Frozen Potato Market Revenue (US$ Million), 2022 – 2030
6.2 Europe Frozen Potato Market Forecast and Analysis
7. Europe Frozen Potato Market Analysis - Product Type
7.1 French Fries
7.1.1 Overview
7.1.2 French Fries : Europe Frozen Potato Market- Volume, Revenue, and Forecast to 2030 (KT) (US$ Million)
7.2 Hash Brown
7.2.1 Overview
7.2.2 Hash Brown : Europe Frozen Potato Market- Volume, Revenue, and Forecast to 2030 (KT) (US$ Million)
7.3 Shaped
7.3.1 Overview
7.3.2 Shaped : Europe Frozen Potato Market- Volume, Revenue, and Forecast to 2030 (KT) (US$ Million)
7.4 Mashed
7.4.1 Overview
7.4.2 Mashed : Europe Frozen Potato Market- Volume, Revenue, and Forecast to 2030 (KT) (US$ Million)
7.5 Battered/Cooked
7.5.1 Overview
7.5.2 Battered/Cooked : Europe Frozen Potato Market- Volume, Revenue, and Forecast to 2030 (KT) (US$ Million)
7.6 Topped/Stuffed
7.6.1 Overview
7.6.2 Topped/Stuffed : Europe Frozen Potato Market- Volume, Revenue, and Forecast to 2030 (KT) (US$ Million)
7.7 Others
7.7.1 Overview
7.7.2 Others : Europe Frozen Potato Market- Volume, Revenue, and Forecast to 2030 (KT) (US$ Million)
8. Europe Frozen Potato Market Analysis - End-User
8.1 Residential
8.1.1 Overview
8.1.2 Residential : Europe Frozen Potato Market- Volume, Revenue, and Forecast to 2030 (KT) (US$ Million)
8.2 Commercial
8.2.1 Overview
8.2.2 Commercial : Europe Frozen Potato Market- Volume, Revenue, and Forecast to 2030 (KT) (US$ Million)
9. Europe Frozen Potato Market - Countries Analysis
9.1 Europe Frozen Potato Market Overview
9.1.1 Europe Frozen Potato Market Revenue and Forecasts and Analysis - By Countries
9.1.1.1 Europe Frozen Potato Market Breakdown by Countries
9.1.1.2 Germany: Europe Frozen Potato Market Volume and Forecasts to 2030 (KT)
9.1.1.3 Germany: Europe Frozen Potato Market Revenue and Forecasts to 2030 (US$ Mn)
9.1.1.3.1 Germany: Europe Frozen Potato Market Breakdown by Product Type
9.1.1.3.2 Germany: Europe Frozen Potato Market Breakdown by Product Type
9.1.1.3.3 Germany: Europe Frozen Potato Market Breakdown by End-User
9.1.1.3.4 Germany: Europe Frozen Potato Market Breakdown by End-User
9.1.1.4 France: Europe Frozen Potato Market Volume and Forecasts to 2030 (KT)
9.1.1.5 France: Europe Frozen Potato Market Revenue and Forecasts to 2030 (US$ Mn)
9.1.1.5.1 France: Europe Frozen Potato Market Breakdown by Product Type
9.1.1.5.2 France: Europe Frozen Potato Market Breakdown by Product Type
9.1.1.5.3 France: Europe Frozen Potato Market Breakdown by End-User
9.1.1.5.4 France: Europe Frozen Potato Market Breakdown by End-User
9.1.1.6 Italy: Europe Frozen Potato Market Volume and Forecasts to 2030 (KT)
9.1.1.7 Italy: Europe Frozen Potato Market Revenue and Forecasts to 2030 (US$ Mn)
9.1.1.7.1 Italy: Europe Frozen Potato Market Breakdown by Product Type
9.1.1.7.2 Italy: Europe Frozen Potato Market Breakdown by Product Type
9.1.1.7.3 Italy: Europe Frozen Potato Market Breakdown by End-User
9.1.1.7.4 Italy: Europe Frozen Potato Market Breakdown by End-User
9.1.1.8 UK: Europe Frozen Potato Market Volume and Forecasts to 2030 (KT)
9.1.1.9 UK: Europe Frozen Potato Market Revenue and Forecasts to 2030 (US$ Mn)
9.1.1.9.1 UK: Europe Frozen Potato Market Breakdown by Product Type
9.1.1.9.2 UK: Europe Frozen Potato Market Breakdown by Product Type
9.1.1.9.3 UK: Europe Frozen Potato Market Breakdown by End-User
9.1.1.9.4 UK: Europe Frozen Potato Market Breakdown by End-User
9.1.1.10 Russia: Europe Frozen Potato Market Volume and Forecasts to 2030 (KT)
9.1.1.11 Russia: Europe Frozen Potato Market Revenue and Forecasts to 2030 (US$ Mn)
9.1.1.11.1 Russia: Europe Frozen Potato Market Breakdown by Product Type
9.1.1.11.2 Russia: Europe Frozen Potato Market Breakdown by Product Type
9.1.1.11.3 Russia: Europe Frozen Potato Market Breakdown by End-User
9.1.1.11.4 Russia: Europe Frozen Potato Market Breakdown by End-User
9.1.1.12 Spain: Europe Frozen Potato Market Volume and Forecasts to 2030 (KT)
9.1.1.13 Spain: Europe Frozen Potato Market Revenue and Forecasts to 2030 (US$ Mn)
9.1.1.13.1 Spain: Europe Frozen Potato Market Breakdown by Product Type
9.1.1.13.2 Spain: Europe Frozen Potato Market Breakdown by Product Type
9.1.1.13.3 Spain: Europe Frozen Potato Market Breakdown by End-User
9.1.1.13.4 Spain: Europe Frozen Potato Market Breakdown by End-User
9.1.1.14 Netherlands: Europe Frozen Potato Market Volume and Forecasts to 2030 (KT)
9.1.1.15 Netherlands: Europe Frozen Potato Market Revenue and Forecasts to 2030 (US$ Mn)
9.1.1.15.1 Netherlands: Europe Frozen Potato Market Breakdown by Product Type
9.1.1.15.2 Netherlands: Europe Frozen Potato Market Breakdown by Product Type
9.1.1.15.3 Netherlands: Europe Frozen Potato Market Breakdown by End-User
9.1.1.15.4 Netherlands: Europe Frozen Potato Market Breakdown by End-User
9.1.1.16 Rest of Europe: Europe Frozen Potato Market Volume and Forecasts to 2030 (KT)
9.1.1.17 Rest of Europe: Europe Frozen Potato Market Revenue and Forecasts to 2030 (US$ Mn)
9.1.1.17.1 Rest of Europe: Europe Frozen Potato Market Breakdown by Product Type
9.1.1.17.2 Rest of Europe: Europe Frozen Potato Market Breakdown by Product Type
9.1.1.17.3 Rest of Europe: Europe Frozen Potato Market Breakdown by End-User
9.1.1.17.4 Rest of Europe: Europe Frozen Potato Market Breakdown by End-User
10. Europe Frozen Potato Market – Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic
10.1 Pre & Post Covid-19 Impact
11. Competitive Landscape
11.1 Heat Map Analysis By Key Players
11.2 Company Positioning & Concentration
12. Europe Frozen Potato Market Industry Landscape
12.1 Overview
12.2 Merger and Acquisitions
12.3 Expansion
12.4 Product Launch
13. Company Profiles
13.1 Bart’s Potato Company
13.1.1 Key Facts
13.1.2 Business Description
13.1.3 Products and Services
13.1.4 Financial Overview
13.1.5 SWOT Analysis
13.1.6 Key Developments
13.2 Aviko B.V.
13.2.1 Key Facts
13.2.2 Business Description
13.2.3 Products and Services
13.2.4 Financial Overview
13.2.5 SWOT Analysis
13.2.6 Key Developments
13.3 Agristo NV
13.3.1 Key Facts
13.3.2 Business Description
13.3.3 Products and Services
13.3.4 Financial Overview
13.3.5 SWOT Analysis
13.3.6 Key Developments
13.4 Lamb Weston Holdings Inc
13.4.1 Key Facts
13.4.2 Business Description
13.4.3 Products and Services
13.4.4 Financial Overview
13.4.5 SWOT Analysis
13.4.6 Key Developments
13.5 Mccain
13.5.1 Key Facts
13.5.2 Business Description
13.5.3 Products and Services
13.5.4 Financial Overview
13.5.5 SWOT Analysis
13.5.6 Key Developments
13.6 Farm Frites International B.V.
13.6.1 Key Facts
13.6.2 Business Description
13.6.3 Products and Services
13.6.4 Financial Overview
13.6.5 SWOT Analysis
13.6.6 Key Developments
13.7 Greenyard
13.7.1 Key Facts
13.7.2 Business Description
13.7.3 Products and Services
13.7.4 Financial Overview
13.7.5 SWOT Analysis
13.7.6 Key Developments
13.8 J.R. Simplot Company
13.8.1 Key Facts
13.8.2 Business Description
13.8.3 Products and Services
13.8.4 Financial Overview
13.8.5 SWOT Analysis
13.8.6 Key Developments
13.9 The Kraft Heinz Co
13.9.1 Key Facts
13.9.2 Business Description
13.9.3 Products and Services
13.9.4 Financial Overview
13.9.5 SWOT Analysis
13.9.6 Key Developments
13.10 Kipco Damaco NV
13.10.1 Key Facts
13.10.2 Business Description
13.10.3 Products and Services
13.10.4 Financial Overview
13.10.5 SWOT Analysis
13.10.6 Key Developments
14. Appendix
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1. Europe Frozen Potato Market Segmentation
Table 2. Europe Frozen Potato Market- Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (KT)
Table 3. Europe Frozen Potato Market- Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (US$ Million)
Table 4. Europe Frozen Potato Market- Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (KT) – Product Type
Table 5. Europe Frozen Potato Market- Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (US$ Million) – Product Type
Table 6. Europe Frozen Potato Market- Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (KT) – End-User
Table 7. Europe Frozen Potato Market- Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (US$ Million) – End-User
Table 8. Germany: Europe Frozen Potato Market- Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (KT) – By Product Type
Table 9. Germany: Europe Frozen Potato Market Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (US$ Mn) – By Product Type
Table 10. Germany: Europe Frozen Potato Market- Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (KT) – By End-User
Table 11. Germany: Europe Frozen Potato Market Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (US$ Mn) – By End-User
Table 12. France: Europe Frozen Potato Market- Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (KT) – By Product Type
Table 13. France: Europe Frozen Potato Market Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (US$ Mn) – By Product Type
Table 14. France: Europe Frozen Potato Market- Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (KT) – By End-User
Table 15. France: Europe Frozen Potato Market Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (US$ Mn) – By End-User
Table 16. Italy: Europe Frozen Potato Market- Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (KT) – By Product Type
Table 17. Italy: Europe Frozen Potato Market Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (US$ Mn) – By Product Type
Table 18. Italy: Europe Frozen Potato Market- Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (KT) – By End-User
Table 19. Italy: Europe Frozen Potato Market Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (US$ Mn) – By End-User
Table 20. UK: Europe Frozen Potato Market- Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (KT) – By Product Type
Table 21. UK: Europe Frozen Potato Market Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (US$ Mn) – By Product Type
Table 22. UK: Europe Frozen Potato Market- Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (KT) – By End-User
Table 23. UK: Europe Frozen Potato Market Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (US$ Mn) – By End-User
Table 24. Russia: Europe Frozen Potato Market Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (US$ Mn) – By Product Type
Table 25. Russia: Europe Frozen Potato Market Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (US$ Mn) – By Product Type
Table 26. Russia: Europe Frozen Potato Market- Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (KT) – By End-User
Table 27. Russia: Europe Frozen Potato Market Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (US$ Mn) – By End-User
Table 28. Spain: Europe Frozen Potato Market- Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (KT) – By Product Type
Table 29. Spain: Europe Frozen Potato Market Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (US$ Mn) – By Product Type
Table 30. Spain: Europe Frozen Potato Market- Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (KT) – By End-User
Table 31. Spain: Europe Frozen Potato Market Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (US$ Mn) – By End-User
Table 32. Netherlands: Europe Frozen Potato Market- Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (KT) – By Product Type
Table 33. Netherlands: Europe Frozen Potato Market Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (US$ Mn) – By Product Type
Table 34. Netherlands: Europe Frozen Potato Market- Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (KT) – By End-User
Table 35. Netherlands: Europe Frozen Potato Market Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (US$ Mn) – By End-User
Table 36. Rest of Europe: Europe Frozen Potato Market- Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (KT) – By Product Type
Table 37. Rest of Europe: Europe Frozen Potato Market Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (US$ Mn) – By Product Type
Table 38. Rest of Europe: Europe Frozen Potato Market- Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (KT) – By End-User
Table 39. Rest of Europe: Europe Frozen Potato Market Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (US$ Mn) – By End-User
Table 40. Company Positioning & Concentration
List of Figures
Figure 1. Europe Frozen Potato Market Segmentation, By Countries
Figure 2. Porter's Five Forces Analysis
Figure 3. Ecosystem: Europe Frozen Potato Market
Figure 4. Europe Frozen Potato Market - Key Industry Dynamics
Figure 5. Impact Analysis of Drivers and Restraints
Figure 6. Europe Frozen Potato Market Revenue (US$ Million), 2022 – 2030
Figure 7. Europe Frozen Potato Market Share (%) – Product Type, 2022 and 2030
Figure 8. French Fries : Europe Frozen Potato Market- Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (KT)
Figure 9. French Fries : Europe Frozen Potato Market- Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (US$ Million)
Figure 10. Hash Brown : Europe Frozen Potato Market- Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (KT)
Figure 11. Hash Brown : Europe Frozen Potato Market- Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (US$ Million)
Figure 12. Shaped : Europe Frozen Potato Market- Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (KT)
Figure 13. Shaped : Europe Frozen Potato Market- Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (US$ Million)
Figure 14. Mashed : Europe Frozen Potato Market- Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (KT)
Figure 15. Mashed : Europe Frozen Potato Market- Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (US$ Million)
Figure 16. Battered/Cooked : Europe Frozen Potato Market- Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (KT)
Figure 17. Battered/Cooked : Europe Frozen Potato Market- Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (US$ Million)
Figure 18. Topped/Stuffed : Europe Frozen Potato Market- Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (KT)
Figure 19. Topped/Stuffed : Europe Frozen Potato Market- Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (US$ Million)
Figure 20. Others : Europe Frozen Potato Market- Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (KT)
Figure 21. Others : Europe Frozen Potato Market- Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (US$ Million)
Figure 22. Europe Frozen Potato Market Share (%) – End-User, 2022 and 2030
Figure 23. Residential : Europe Frozen Potato Market- Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (KT)
Figure 24. Residential : Europe Frozen Potato Market- Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (US$ Million)
Figure 25. Commercial : Europe Frozen Potato Market- Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (KT)
Figure 26. Commercial : Europe Frozen Potato Market- Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (US$ Million)
Figure 27. Europe Frozen Potato Market Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (US$ Mn)
Figure 28. Europe Frozen Potato Market Breakdown by Key Countries, 2022 and 2030 (%)
Figure 29. Germany: Europe Frozen Potato Market- Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (KT)
Figure 30. Germany: Europe Frozen Potato Market Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (US$ Mn)
Figure 31. France: Europe Frozen Potato Market- Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (KT)
Figure 32. France: Europe Frozen Potato Market Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (US$ Mn)
Figure 33. Italy: Europe Frozen Potato Market- Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (KT)
Figure 34. Italy: Europe Frozen Potato Market Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (US$ Mn)
Figure 35. UK: Europe Frozen Potato Market- Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (KT)
Figure 36. UK: Europe Frozen Potato Market Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (US$ Mn)
Figure 37. Russia: Europe Frozen Potato Market- Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (KT)
Figure 38. Russia: Europe Frozen Potato Market Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (US$ Mn)
Figure 39. Spain: Europe Frozen Potato Market- Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (KT)
Figure 40. Spain: Europe Frozen Potato Market Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (US$ Mn)
Figure 41. Netherlands: Europe Frozen Potato Market- Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (KT)
Figure 42. Netherlands: Europe Frozen Potato Market Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (US$ Mn)
Figure 43. Rest of Europe: Europe Frozen Potato Market- Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (KT)
Figure 44. Rest of Europe: Europe Frozen Potato Market Revenue and Forecasts To 2030 (US$ Mn)
Figure 45. Heat Map Analysis By Key Players

Download our eBook: How to Succeed Using Market Research

Learn how to effectively navigate the market research process to help guide your organization on the journey to success.

Download eBook
Cookie Settings