Middle East - Mobile Network Operators and MVNOs

Middle East - Mobile Network Operators and MVNOs

Middle East's mobile operators step up network investment

Mobile operators across the Middle East have faced extraordinary challenges since 2020, with the pandemic having impacted on most facets of mobile services and operations. The operators have had to quickly meet the increased demand for online communication and Internet services, stemming from citizens working and studying remotely, along with supporting service providers offering tele-health and e-education solutions.

In Saudi Arabia, for example, the MNOs have demonstrated a keen sense of social responsibility during the pandemic by launching various initiatives to support society in terms of education, enterprise, and healthcare. Saudi Telecom Company (STC) and Royal Philips (a healthcare solution provider) worked together to develop and implement solutions based on Artificial Intelligence (AI) which allow doctors to treat and diagnose patients remotely.

Many of the operators have observed a change in consumer behaviour during the pandemic, with Du from the United Arab Emirates, for example, experiencing a decline in mobile revenues which was partly attributed to a shift by consumers towards pre-paid mobile phones rather than fixed contracts, in order to manage personal budgets throughout the crisis. Revenues from roaming services have also been impacted upon with less travel and movement by citizens.

Despite the acute disruption to the Telcos usual business operations; a number of the operators have continued to work on their original strategic plans for 2020 and while progress towards 5G may have slowed, it is still a key priority for many of the operators across the Middle East.

This report provides valuable information, analyses, and statistics into the mobile operators in markets of the Middle East and includes the countries of Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Turkey, United Arab Emirates and Yemen.

Recent developments:

Some operators experienced a decline in roaming revenue due to the impact of the pandemic.
Countries in the region have seen an increased demand for tele-health and e-education services, as well as collaboration with mobile operators to deliver such services.
Many mobile operators in the Middle East have formed partnerships in order to develop and progress 5G readiness.

Companies mentioned in this report include:

Mobile Telecommunications Co (MTC) / Zain, Ooredoo Kuwait (previously National Mobile Telecommunication Co (NMT) / Wataniya Telecom), Kuwait Telecom Company (KTC) / Viva, Batelco, Zain Bahrain, Viva Bahrain, Telecommunication Company of Iran (TCI), Mobile Communications Iran (MCI), MTN Irancell, Tamin Telecom (Rightel), Mobile Telecommunications Company of Isfahan (MTCE), Telecommunication Kish Company (TKC), Iraqi Telephone and Postal Company (ITPC), Asiacell, Zain Iraq, Korek Telecom, Regional Telecom, Cellcom, Orange (Partner), Pelephone (Bezeq), HOT Mobile, Golan Telecom, Rami Levy, Jordan Telecom Group/Orange, Zain Jordan, Batelco/Umniah, Saudi Telecom Company (STC)/Bravo, Integrated Telecom Company (ITC)/Bayn Consortium, GO Telecom/Etihad Atheeb, Mobily/Ettihad Etisalat/Bayanat Al-Oula, Zain KSA, Lebara KSA/Etihad Jawraa, Virgin Mobile Middle East & Africa (Virgin Mobile MEA), Axiom Telecom, VIVA, Etisalat, du, Jordan Telecom Group/Orange, Zain Jordan, Batelco/Umniah, MTC Touch, Alfa Telecom, Ooredoo Qatar, Vodafone Qatar, OmanTel, Ooredoo Oman, FRiENDi, Majan Telecom (Renna), Samatel, Syrian Telecommunication Establishment (STE), MTN Syria, Syriatel, Turkcell, Vodafone Turkey, Avea.


  • Executive Summary
  • Regional mobile overview
    • MIDDLE EAST COUNTRY SUMMARY
      • Table Middle East mobile market - country profiles - 2019
  • Regional mobile statistics
    • MIDDLE EAST MOBILE SUBSCRIBER GROWTH
      • Table Middle East - mobile subscriptions and annual growth - 2014 - 2020
    • MIDDLE EAST MOBILE DATA AND SMARTPHONE GROWTH
      • Table Zain Bahrain - mobile data market share of total revenue - 2015 - 2019
      • Table Middle East - mobile smartphone adoption growth - 2017; 2020
    • MIDDLE EAST MAJOR OPERATORS AND SUBSCRIBERS
      • Major domestic mobile operators
        • Table Middle East - Major domestic operators by subscribers - 2014 - 2019
      • Major international mobile operators
        • Table Middle East - international mobile operators by subscribers - 2014 - 2019
  • Bahrain
    • MARKET ANALYSIS
    • MOBILE NETWORK DEVELOPMENTS
      • Second mobile licence
      • Third mobile licence
      • Prepaid subscriber registration
      • SIM card verification
      • Roaming tariff reduction
      • Mobile Termination Rate (MTR)
      • Mobile Number Portability (MNP)
      • OTT providers
      • Spectrum developments
    • OPERATOR STATISTICS
      • Table Bahrain - Mobile market share by operators - 2018 - 2021
    • MAJOR MOBILE OPERATORS
      • Batelco
        • Table Development of Batelco Bahrain's revenue by segment (BHD million) - 2017 - 2021
        • Table Change in the number of Batelco Group's mobile subscribers - 2012 - 2019
      • Zain Bahrain
        • Table Development of Zain Bahrain's financial data ($ million) - 2012 - 2021
        • Table Zain Bahrain's mobile data revenue share of total revenue - 2015 - 2021
        • Table Change in the number of Zain Bahrain's mobile subscribers - 2012 - 2019
        • Table Development of Zain Bahrain's mobile ARPU - 2012 - 2021
      • STC Bahrain
  • Iran
    • MARKET ANALYSIS
    • MOBILE NETWORK DEVELOPMENTS
      • Second mobile licence - MTN Irancell
      • Third Mobile licence - Tamin Telecom (Rightel)
      • WiMAX licences
      • 2.3GHz spectrum award - 2021
      • 3.5GHz
      • Mobile Number Portability (MNP)
      • Roaming
    • MAJOR MOBILE OPERATORS
      • MCI (Mobile Communications Iran)/Hamrah-e-Avval
      • MTN Irancell
        • Table Development of MTN Irancell's financial data (ZAR million) - 2015 - 2021
        • Table Development of MTN Irancell's revenue and EBITDA (IRR billion) - 2016 - 2021
        • Table Change in the number of MTN Irancell's mobile subscribers - 2012 - 2021
        • Table Change in MTN Irancell's mobile ARPU ($) - 2012 - 2021
        • Table Change in MTN Irancell's mobile ARPU (IRR) - 2012 - 2021
        • Table Change in MTN Irancell's mobile traffic - 2012 - 2021
      • Tamin Telecom (Rightel)
      • MVNOs
  • Iraq
    • MARKET ANALYSIS
    • MOBILE NETWORK DEVELOPMENTS
      • Temporary mobile licences awarded in 2003
      • Licence awards - 2007
      • License extensions - 2020
      • Fourth mobile licence
    • OPERATOR STATISTICS
      • Table Iraq - Change in the mobile market share of subscribers by operator - 2012 - 2020
    • MAJOR MOBILE OPERATORS
      • Asiacell Communications (Ooredoo)
        • Table Iraq - Development of Asiacell's financial data (QAR billion) - 2012 - 2021
        • Table Iraq - Development of Asiacell's financial data (IQD billion) - 2012 - 2021
        • Table Iraq - Change in the number of Asiacell's mobile subscribers - 2012 - 2021
        • Table Iraq - Development of Asiacell's mobile ARPU - 2012 - 2021
      • Zain Iraq (formerly MTC Atheer)
        • Table Development of Zain Iraq's financial data ($ billion) - 2012 - 2021
        • Table Development of Zain Iraq's mobile ARPU - 2012 - 2021
        • Table Change in the number of Zain Iraq's mobile subscribers - 2012 - 2021
        • Table Zain Iraq's mobile prepaid and postpaid subscribers (million) - 2012 - 2021
        • Table Change in the market share of Zain Iraq's prepaid and postpaid subscribers - 2012 - 2021
        • Table Change in Zain Iraq's average mobile data traffic - 2012 - 2020
      • Korek Telecom
        • Table Iraq - Change in the number of Korek Telecom's mobile subscribers - 2013 - 2020
      • Operators in Kurdistan
  • Israel
    • MARKET ANALYSIS
      • Table Israel - Major mobile operators' monthly mobile ARPU (ILS / month) - 2013 - 2021
      • Merger activity 2019/2020
    • MOBILE NETWORK DEVELOPMENTS
      • Connection charges
      • Licensing
      • LTE spectrum
      • 5G spectrum
      • Roaming
      • MTR
      • Early termination fee reduction
      • Mobile Number Portability (MNP)
      • Network sharing
    • MAJOR MOBILE OPERATORS
      • Cellcom
        • Table Israel - Development of Cellcom's consolidated financial data ILS billion) –2012 - 2021
        • Table Israel - Development of Cellcom's consolidated EBITDA , capex (ILS billion) - 2012 - 2021
        • Table Israel - Change in the number of Cellcom's mobile subscribers - 2012 - 2021
        • Table Israel - Decline in Cellcom's annual churn rate - 2012 - 2021
      • Partner Communications
        • Table Israel - Development of Partner's financial data (ILS million) - 2012 - 2021
        • Table Israel - Change in the number of Partner's mobile subscribers and churn rate - 2012 - 2021
      • Pelephone (Bezeq)
        • Table Israel - Decline in Pelephone's mobile revenue - 2012 - 2021
        • Table Israel - Change in the number of Pelephone's mobile subscribers - 2012 - 2021
        • Table Israel - Change in the number of Pelephone's contract and prepaid subscribers (million) - 2014 - 2021
        • Table Israel - Change in Pelephone's annual churn rate - 2012 - 2021
      • HOT Mobile
        • Table Israel - Development of HOT Mobile's financial data ( million) - 2013 - 2021
        • Table Israel - Change in the number of HOT Mobile's mobile subscribers (million) - 2012 - 2021
      • Golan Telecom
    • MVNOS
  • Jordan
    • MARKET ANALYSIS
    • MOBILE MARKET DEVELOPMENTS
      • Third GSM licence
      • 3G licences
      • LTE spectrum
      • SIM card registration
      • Mobile Termination Rate (MTR)
    • MAJOR MOBILE OPERATORS
      • Zain Jordan
        • Table Development of Zain Jordan's mobile ARPU - 2012 - 2021
        • Table Development of Zain Jordan's financial data ($ million) - 2012 - 2021
        • Table Change in the number of Zain Jordan's mobile subscribers - 2012 - 2021
      • Orange Jordan
        • Table Change in the number of Orange Jordan's mobile subscribers - 2012 - 2021
      • Umniah
        • Table Jordan - Development of Umniah's revenue - 2012 - 2021
        • Table Jordan - Change in the number of Umniah's mobile subscribers - 2012 - 2018
      • MVNOs
  • Kuwait
    • MARKET ANALYSIS
    • MOBILE NETWORK DEVELOPMENTS
      • Third mobile operator
      • Mobile Number Portability (MNP)
      • Roaming
      • Spectrum refarming
      • Mobile tower management
    • OPERATOR STATISTICS
      • Table Kuwait - Change in the market share of mobile subscribers by operator – 2012 - 2021
    • MAJOR MOBILE OPERATORS
      • Zain Kuwait
        • Table Kuwait - Development of Zain Group's financial data ($ million) - 2012 - 2021
        • Table Kuwait - Change in the number of Zain Group's subscribers - 2012 - 2021
        • Table Development of Zain Kuwait's financial data ($ million) - 2012 - 2021
        • Table Change in the number of Zain Kuwait's mobile subscribers (million) - 2012 - 2021
        • Table Development of Zain Kuwait's mobile ARPU - 2012 - 2021
        • Table Increase in the number of Zain Kuwait's mobile base stations - 2014 - 2020
      • Ooredoo Kuwait
        • Table Development of Ooredoo Kuwait's financial data (QAR million) - 2012 - 2021
        • Table Change in the number of Ooredoo Kuwait's mobile subscribers (million) - 2012- 2021
        • Table Development of Ooredoo Kuwait's mobile ARPU (QAR/user/month) - 2012 - 2021
      • STC Kuwait
        • Table Development of STC Kuwait's financial data (KWD million) - 2012 - 2021
        • Table Change in the number of STC Kuwait's mobile subscribers - 2012 - 2021
      • MVNOs
  • Lebanon
    • MARKET OVERVIEW
    • MOBILE NETWORK DEVELOPMENTS
      • Mobile contracts
      • Spectrum
      • Interconnect
    • OPERATOR STATISTICS
      • Table Lebanon - Change in mobile operator market share - 2012 - 2020
    • MAJOR MOBILE OPERATORS
      • Touch
        • Table Lebanon - Change in the number of Touch's mobile subscribers (million) –2012 - 2020
      • Alfa
  • Oman
    • MOBILE ANALYSIS
    • MOBILE NETWORK DEVELOPMENTS
      • Second mobile licence
      • Third mobile licence
      • Reseller/MVNO licences
      • Roaming
      • Mobile Number Portability (MNP)
      • Spectrum allocation
    • OPERATOR STATISTICS
      • Table Oman - Change in the share of mobile subscribers by operator - 2012 - 2021
    • MAJOR MOBILE OPERATORS
      • Omantel/Oman Mobile Telecommunications (OMTC)
        • Table Oman - Change in the number of Omantel Mobile's mobile subscribers – 2016 - 2021
      • Ooredoo Oman
        • Table Development of Ooredoo Oman's mobile ARPU (QAR / month) - 2013 - 2021
        • Table Change in the number of Ooredoo Oman's mobile subscribers by type - 2012 - 2021
      • Vodafone Oman
      • MVNOs
  • Qatar
    • MARKET ANALYSIS
    • MOBILE NETWORK DEVELOPMENTS
      • Second mobile licence
      • Mobile Virtual Network Operators (MVNOs)
      • Roaming
      • Mobile Number Portability (MNP)
      • Spectrum
    • OPERATOR STATISTICS
      • Table Qatar - Change in the share of mobile subscribers by operator - 2012 - 2021
    • MAJOR MOBILE OPERATORS
      • Ooredoo Qatar
        • Table Change in the number of Ooredoo Qatar's mobile subscribers (million) - 2012 - 2021
        • Table Change in Ooredoo Qatar's mobile ARPU (QAR / subscriber / month) - 2012 - 2021
      • Vodafone Qatar
        • Table Development of Vodafone Qatar's financial data (QAR million) - 2012 - 2021
        • Table Change in the number of Vodafone Qatar's mobile subscribers - 2012 - 2021
        • Table Development of Vodafone Qatar's mobile ARPU - 2012 - 2021
  • Saudi Arabia
    • MARKET ANALYSIS
    • MOBILE NETWORK DEVELOPMENTS
      • Licenses
      • Roaming
      • Mobile Termination Rate (MTR)
      • Mobile Number Portability (MNP)
      • Fingerprinting law
      • Spectrum
    • OPERATOR STATISTICS
      • Table Saudi Arabia - Change in the market share of mobile subscribers by operator - 2012 - 2018
    • MAJOR MOBILE OPERATORS
      • Saudi Telecom Company (stc)
      • Mobily (Etihad Etisalat)
        • Table Saudi Arabia - Change in the number of Mobily's mobile subscribers - 2006 - 2017
        • Table Saudi Arabia - Development of Mobily's financial data (SAR billion) - 2012 - 2021
      • Zain Saudi Arabia
        • Table Saudi Arabia - Development of Zain KSA's financial data ($ million) - 2012 - 2021
        • Table Saudi Arabia - Development of Zain KSA's mobile ARPU - 2012 - 2021
        • Table Saudi Arabia - Change in the number of Zain KSA's mobile subscribers – 2012 - 2021
        • Table Saudi Arabia - Growth in the number of Zain's base stations - 2012 - 2020
      • Mobile Virtual Network Operators (MVNOs)
  • Syria
    • MARKET ANALYSIS
    • MOBILE NETWORK DEVELOPMENTS
      • Third mobile licence
      • BOT contracts
    • MAJOR MOBILE OPERATORS
      • Table Syria - Change in the market share based of mobile subscribers by operator - 2018 - 2020
      • Syriatel
        • Table Change in Syriatel's revenue - 2012 - 2021
      • MTN Syria
        • Table Development of MTN Syria's revenue and CAPEX (ZAR million) - 2012 - 2021
        • Table Development of MTN Syria's revenue and EBITDA (SYP billion) - 2012 - 2021
        • Table Development of MTN Syria's service revenue - 2017 - 2021
        • Table Change in the number of MTN Syria's subscribers - 2012 - 2021
        • Table Change in MTN Syria's ARPU - 2012 - 2021
        • Table Development of MTN Syria's mobile traffic - 2013 - 2021
  • Turkey
    • MARKET ANALYSIS
    • MOBILE NETWORK DEVELOPMENTS
      • 3G licences
      • Third and fourth GSM licences
      • 800MHz
      • Significant Market Power (SMP)
      • MTRs
      • Mobile Number Portability (MNP)
      • Telsim privatisation
      • Retail Price Cap Regulation
    • MAJOR MOBILE OPERATORS
      • Table Turkey - Change in the share of mobile subscribers by operator - 2012 - 2021
      • Turkcell
        • Table Change in the number of Turkcell's mobile subscribers (million) - 2012 - 2021
        • Table Turkcell Turkey's annualised mobile ARPU (TRY/month) - 2012 - 2021
        • Table Turkcell Turkey - mobile data usage and MoU - 2012 - 2021
        • Table Turkcell smartphone penetration - 2012 - 2021
      • Vodafone Turkey
        • Table Development of Vodafone Turkey's financial data ( million) - 2016 - 2022
        • Table Change in the number of Vodafone Turkey's mobile subscribers - 2012 - 2021
        • Table Development of Vodafone Turkey's mobile ARPU (TRY/month) - 2012 - 2021
      • Turk Telekom
        • Table Development of Turk Telekom's mobile ARPU (TRY/month) - 2012 - 2021
        • Table Change in the number of Turk Telekom's mobile subscribers by type (million) - 2012 - 2021
  • United Arab Emirates
    • MARKET ANALYSIS
    • MOBILE MARKET DEVELOPMENTS
      • Mobile Number Portability (MNP)
      • Roaming tariff reduction
      • SIM card registration
    • MAJOR MOBILE OPERATORS
      • Table UAE - Change in the market share of mobile subscribers by operator - 2012 - 2021
      • Etisalat
        • Table Etisalat (UAE) mobile revenue and blended ARPU - 2016 - 2021
        • Table UAE - Change in the number of Etisalat's domestic mobile subscribers – 2012 - 2021
        • Table UAE - Change in the number of Etisalat's domestic mobile subscribers by type (million) - 2012 - 2021
      • du (Emirates Integrated Telecommunications Company)
        • Table UAE - Development of du's mobile revenue - 2012 - 2021
        • Table UAE - Change in the number of du's mobile subscribers - 2012 - 2021
        • Table UAE - du mobile subscribers by type (million) - 2020 - 2021
        • Table UAE - Development of du's mobile ARPU - 2012 - 2021
      • MVNOs
  • Yemen
    • MARKET OVERVIEW
    • MOBILE NETWORK DEVELOPMENTS
      • GSM licences
      • Third GSM licence
    • MAJOR MOBILE OPERATORS
      • MTN Yemen
        • Table Change in the number of MTN Yemen's mobile subscribers - 2012 - 2021
        • Table Change in MTN Yemen's mobile ARPU and market share - 2012 - 2021
        • Table Development of MTN Yemen's revenue and EBITDA (ZAR million) - 2012 - 2021
        • Table Development of MTN Yemen's financial data (YER billion) - 2016 - 2021
        • Table Change in MTN Yemen's mobile voice and data traffic - 2012 - 2021
      • Sabafon
        • Table Change in the number of Sabafon's mobile subscribers - 2012 - 2019
      • TeleYemen/Yemen Mobile
        • Table Change in the number of Yemen Mobile's mobile subscribers - 2017 - 2019
      • HiTS Unitel/Y Telecom
        • Table Yemen - Change in the number of Y-Telecom's-mobile subscribers - 2016 - 2019

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