India - Telecoms, Mobile and Broadband - Statistics and Analyses

India - Telecoms, Mobile and Broadband - Statistics and Analyses

India pushes 5G commercial service launches out beyond 2022

In November 2021, India’s Department of Telecommunications (DoT) extended the timeframe for the country’s MNOs to complete their 5G trials by another six months. The effect of this extension is that the 5G spectrum auctions are likely to be delayed until the second half of 2022, pushing the start of commercial launches out until 2023.

Despite these repeated delays, none of the major players seem particularly concerned. LTE networks still have a long way to go before nearing capacity, with one of the MNOs (state-owned company BSNL) only planning to launch 4G services in August 2022.

The country’s telecom sector is also recovering from a fierce price war that started in 2018 following the market entry of Reliance Jio. The aggressive competition saw ARPUs plummet across the board. This problem of a significant fall in revenue was compounded by the DoT’s winning of a major Supreme Court battle over the definition of Adjusted Gross Revenue (AGR) usage and licensing fees for telcos. A number of operators have been pushed to the edge of financial collapse, only for the government to come to the rescue, of sorts, in September 2021 with a very welcome relief package. Nevertheless, few of the potential bidders in the 5G spectrum auction are in a particularly healthy financial state, and the entire industry may end up benefitting from the opportunity to pause awhile.


  • Executive summary
  • Key statistics
    • Table Top Level Country Statistics and Telco Authorities – India – 2022 (e)
  • Regional Asia market comparison
    • MARKET CHARACTERISTICS
    • MARKET LEADERS
    • MARKET CHALLENGERS
    • MARKET EMERGENTS
    • TMI VS GDP
    • MOBILE AND MOBILE BROADBAND PENETRATION
    • FIXED VERSUS MOBILE BROADBAND PENETRATION
  • Covid-19 and its impact on the telecom sector
    • ECONOMIC CONSIDERATIONS AND RESPONSES
    • SUBSCRIBERS
    • INFRASTRUCTURE
  • Telecommunications market
  • Regulatory environment
    • REGULATORY AUTHORITIES
      • Ministry for Communications (MoC)
      • Department of Telecommunications (DoT)
      • Telecom Commission
      • Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI)
      • Telecom Dispute Settlement & Appellate Tribunal (TDSAT)
      • Communications Commission of India (CCI)
      • Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY)
    • FIXED-LINE DEVELOPMENTS
      • Licensing circles
      • Licensing – VNOs
      • Net Neutrality
      • Interconnect
      • Fibre access
    • MOBILE NETWORK DEVELOPMENTS
      • Spectrum
      • Mobile subscriber verification
      • Interconnection
      • Mobile Number Portability (MNP)
  • Mobile market
    • Table Change in mobile ARPU (contract, prepaid, blended) (. / month) –2017 – 2021
    • Table Growth in the number of mobile subscribers and penetration – 2012 – 2027
    • URBAN VERSUS RURAL DIVIDE
      • Table Change in mobile penetration in urban and rural areas – 2012 – 2021
    • MOBILE INFRASTRUCTURE
      • 5G
      • 4G/LTE
      • CDMA
      • Other infrastructure developments
      • Mobile broadband
        • Table Growth in the number of mobile broadband subscribers, penetration – 2012 – 2027
    • MAJOR MOBILE OPERATORS
      • Table Change in the mobile market share of subscribers (major MNOs) –2012 – 2021
      • Bharat Sanchar Nigam (BSNL)
        • Table Change in the number of BSNL's mobile subscribers – 2012 – 2021
      • Bharti Airtel
        • Table Growth in the number of Bharti Airtel's mobile subscribers (million) –2012 – 2021
        • Table Change in Bharti Airtel's mobile ARPU – 2012 – 2021
      • Mahanagar Telephone Nigam (MTNL)
        • Table Change in the number of MTNL's mobile subscribers – 2012 – 2021
      • Vodafone Idea
        • Table Growth in the number of Vodafone Idea's mobile subscribers (company data) (million) –2012 – 2021
        • Table Change in Vodafone Idea mobile ARPU – 2012 – 2021
      • Quadrant
      • Reliance Communications (RCOM)
        • Table Change in the number of RCOM's mobile subscribers – 2012 – 2021
      • Reliance Jio Infocomm (Jio)
        • Table Growth in the number of Reliance Jio's mobile subscribers – 2016 – 2021
        • Table Reliance mobile ARPU – 2017 – 2021
      • Tata Teleservices (TTSL)
        • Table Decline in the number of Tata Teleservices' mobile subscribers – 2012 – 2018
      • Reach Mobile
      • MVNOs
  • Fixed-line broadband market
    • Table Growth in the number of fixed broadband subscribers and penetration – 2012 – 2027
    • NATIONAL BROADBAND PLAN
    • FIXED BROADBAND ISPS
      • Bharat Sanchar Nigam (BSNL)
      • Bharti Airtel
      • Hughes Telecom
      • Mahanagar Telephone Nigam (MTNL)
      • Atria Convergence Technologies (ACT)
      • Vodafone Idea
      • Reliance Jio
    • FIBRE-TO-THE-PREMISES (FTTP) NETWORKS
      • Table Growth in the number of fibre broadband subscribers – 2012 – 2019
    • HYBRID FIBRE COAX (HFC) NETWORKS
      • Table Growth in the number of cable modem subscribers – 2012 – 2019
    • DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE (DSL) NETWORKS
      • Table Change in the number of DSL subscribers – 2012 – 2019
    • OTHER FIXED BROADBAND SERVICES
      • Wi-Fi
  • Digital economy
    • E-PAYMENTS
  • Fixed network market
    • Table Change in the number of fixed-line subscribers and penetration – 2012 – 2027
    • MAJOR NETWORK OPERATORS
      • Table Market share of fixed-lines in service by main provider – 2012 – 2021
    • BSNL
      • Table Decline in the number of BSNL's fixed-line subscribers – 2012 – 2021
      • Table Decline in BSNL's financial data (. billion) –2012 – 2022
    • BHARTI AIRTEL
      • Table Growth in the number of Bharti Airtel's fixed-line subscribers – 2012 – 2021
      • Table Change in Bharti Airtel group financial data (. billion) –2012 – 2022
    • MTNL
      • Table Decline in the number of MTNL's fixed-line subscribers – 2012 – 2021
      • Table Change in MTNL's financial data (. billion) –2014 – 2022
    • QUADRANT
      • Table Change in the number of Quadrant's fixed-line subscribers – 2012 – 2021
    • RELIANCE COMMUNICATIONS
      • Table Decline in the number of Reliance's fixed-line subscribers – 2012 – 2021
      • Table Decline in Reliance Communication's financial data (. billion) –2012 – 2021
    • TATA TELESERVICES
      • Table Growth in the number of Tata's fixed-line subscribers – 2012 – 2021
      • Table Growth in Tata communication group financial data (. billion) –2016 – 2022
    • VODAFONE IDEA
      • Table Growth in the number of Vodafone Idea's fixed-line subscribers – 2012 – 2021
      • Table Development of Vodafone Idea's financial data (. billion) –2012 – 2021
  • Telecommunications infrastructure
    • NATIONAL TELECOM NETWORK
      • Universal Service Obligation Fund (USOF)
      • BharatNet / National Optical Fibre Network (NOFN)
      • Public Call Offices (PCOs)
        • Table Decline in the number of PCOs in operation – 2012 – 2021
    • INTERNATIONAL INFRASTRUCTURE
      • Table Growth in international internet bandwidth – 2012 – 2020
      • Submarine cable networks
      • Satellite networks
    • DATA CENTRES
    • SMART INFRASTRUCTURE
      • IoT
  • Appendix – Historic data
    • Table Historic - Mobile subscribers (GSM and CDMA) (million) –2002 – 2017
    • Table Historic - Vodafone Idea - mobile subscribers – 2002 – 2011
    • Table Historic - Vodafone - mobile ARPU – 2008 – 2018
    • Table Historic - Vodafone mobile subscribers – 2002 – 2017
    • Table Historic - Reliance mobile subscribers – 2002 – 2011
    • Table Historic - MTNL mobile subscribers – 2002 – 2011
    • Table Historic - Bharti Airtel mobile subscribers – 2002 – 2011
    • Table Historic - Tata Teleservices mobile subscribers – 2002 – 2011
    • Table Historic - BSNL mobile subscribers – 2002 – 2011
    • Table Historic - Bharti Airtel mobile ARPU – 2005 – 2011
    • Table Historic - Quadrant mobile subscribers – 2012 – 2016
    • Table Historic - Sistema mobile subscribers – 2008 – 2016
    • Table Historic - Telenor mobile subscribers – 2009 – 2017
    • Table Historic - Aircel mobile subscribers – 2004 – 2018
    • Table Historic - Reliance mobile ARPU – 2008 – 2017
    • Table Historic - Mobile ARPU (GSM and CDMA) (. / month) –2005 – 2013
    • Table Historic - Dial-up internet subscribers – 2007 – 2012
    • Table Historic - International internet bandwidth – 2000 – 2011
    • Table Historic - Number of licensed ISPs – 2002 – 2013
    • Table Historic - Cable modem subscribers – 2001 – 2011
    • Table Historic - DSL subscribers – 2001 – 2011
    • Table Historic - Reliance communication fixed-line subscribers – 2005 – 2011
    • Table Historic - Sistema fixed-line subscribers – 2010 – 2017
    • Table Historic - Videocon mobile subscribers – 2010 – 2015
    • Table Historic - Fixed-line subscribers and teledensity – 1995 – 2005
    • Table Historic - Change in mobile annualized ARPU (GSM and CDMA) (. / month) –2014 – 2018
    • Table Historic - Development of internet penetration – 2008 – 2011
    • Table Historic - Decline in the number of BSNL's fixed-line subscribers – 2008 – 2011
    • Table Historic - Growth in the number of Bharti Airtel's fixed-line subscribers – 2008 – 2011
    • Table Historic - Decline in the number of PCOs in operation – 2008 – 2011
  • Glossary of abbreviations
  • Related reports

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