Economy of Saudi Arabia 2025
Saudi Arabia has long been one of the most pivotal countries in the Middle East and the wider world due to its vast oil reserves. In this study we look at the underlying economic and social data over several decades which reveal considerable progress but also distortions related to the low participation rates of the indigenous population in the workforce compared to migrant labour. The economy is still heavily dominated by the oil and gas sector but there is progress towards diversification. Saudi Arabia is immensely solvent financially.
- Introduction
- GDP growth 1961-2023
- GDP USD & PPP
- Inflation 1963-2022
- Exports USD & Current Account
- Exports & Imports by Product & Destination
- IMF Data - Current a/c and NIIP
- Revenue & expenditure 2022 & 2023
- Oil & non-oil revenue
- Expenditure by department
- Budget deficit/surplus by year
- Military spending
- Oil production & reserves
- Gas Production
- Employment data
- Higher education, employment participation
- Foreign residents by Nationality
- GDP by Sector 2010 & 2022
- Healthcare
- Housing
- Exports in more detail
- Electricity generation
- Population, fertility & life expectancy
- Commentary
- Sources
Research Assistance
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