Global Chronic Kidney Disease (Ckd) Market Pipeline

Global Chronic Kidney Disease (Ckd) Market Pipeline

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive medical condition marked by a gradual decline in kidney function over time. The kidneys filter waste products and excess fluids from the blood. Impaired kidneys result in the accumulation of harmful substances and fluids in the body, causing significant health issues. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) varies in severity and typically worsens without proper management.

Early diagnosis and treatment are vital for slowing disease progression and improving patient outcomes. Without intervention, CKD can advance to end-stage renal disease, requiring renal replacement therapy such as dialysis or kidney transplantation. Additionally, individuals with CKD have a higher risk of early-onset cardiovascular disease, highlighting the importance of timely and effective medical intervention.

MARKET INSIGHTS

Key growth enablers of the global chronic kidney disease (CKD) market:
• Early detection and precision medicine for chronic kidney disease
• Growing incidence of chronic kidney disease
• Rising research and development efforts

The growing prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and the limited availability of effective therapies are prompting an urgent need for innovative drug research and development.

In essence, researchers are working to develop new therapies targeting CKD, with the goal of expanding the market for CKD treatments. The focus on research and development aims to address the unmet medical needs of CKD patients, ultimately improving patient outcomes and enhancing the overall quality of care for those affected by the disease.

Moving ahead, cutting-edge gene editing technologies, particularly CRISPR (clustered, regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats), are being explored for their potential in treating CKD. Unlike traditional gene therapy approaches, CRISPR allows for precise editing or repair of specific disease-causing mutations.

Key growth restraining factors of the global chronic kidney disease (CKD) market:
• Limited patient awareness of the disease
• Heightened risk of related comorbidities
• Knowledge gap in chronic kidney disease treatment

One of the primary barriers to expanding CKD treatment is the widespread lack of understanding about the disease. Many patients are unaware of the severity of CKD and the risk factors contributing to its progression.

A major obstacle in the treatment and management of CKD is the lack of patient education regarding appropriate prevention and management strategies. This gap in knowledge, in turn, hinders effective disease management.

The success of CKD preventive and screening programs heavily relies on public awareness and understanding. Early detection and management are crucial for preventing disease progression. However, many CKD cases remain undetected in the early stages due to insufficient public knowledge.

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) | Disease Overview
• Introduction
• Etiology and Risk Factors

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is often caused by diabetes and high blood pressure, both of which can damage the nephrons in the kidneys. The kidneys' extensive vascularization makes them susceptible to blood vessel diseases, raising the risk of heart attacks, strokes, and CKD. Furthermore, CKD can lead to high blood pressure, creating a vicious cycle.

Obstructed urine flow, caused by conditions such as an enlarged prostate, kidney stones, or tumors, can lead to CKD by increasing pressure on the kidneys. Other significant causes include kidney diseases like polycystic kidney disease, pyelonephritis, and glomerulonephritis. Additionally, kidney artery stenosis, fetal developmental problems, systemic lupus erythematosus, and the overuse of certain medications, such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), contribute to the development of CKD.

Several risk factors increase the likelihood of developing CKD, including a family history of kidney disease, being over 60, obesity, heart disease, previous kidney damage, abnormal kidney structure, and smoking. Managing these risk factors is crucial in preventing CKD.
• Stages
• Pathophysiology
• Diagnosis

The primary diagnostic tool for CKD involves blood tests to assess kidney function. This includes measuring serum creatinine levels, a waste product indicative of kidney function. Elevated creatinine levels above 1.2 mg/dL in women and 1.4 mg/dL in men suggest impaired kidney function. Additionally, the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is calculated based on creatinine levels, age, and gender. An eGFR below 60 mL/min/1.73m² for three months or more indicates potential CKD progression.

Urine tests are crucial for detecting early signs of kidney damage. They measure the presence of albumin, a protein that should not normally be present in urine. Elevated albumin levels, known as albuminuria, indicate kidney disease. The albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) quantifies albumin levels relative to creatinine in urine samples. ACR values above 30 mg/g indicate abnormal albuminuria, with values exceeding 300 mg/g indicating severe kidney damage.

Moreover, additional diagnostic methods include imaging tests such as ultrasound or CT scans to visualize kidney structure and identify any obstructions. A kidney biopsy may be performed in cases where the underlying cause of CKD needs further clarification.
• Treatment and Management

COMPETITIVE INSIGHTS

Major players in the global chronic kidney disease (CKD) market:
• Eli Lilly and Company
• ProKidney Corp
• Boehringer Ingelheim
• AstraZeneca Plc
• Novo Nordisk

AstraZeneca Plc is a biopharmaceutical company specializing in the research, development, and commercialization of a wide range of prescription drugs. It focuses on respiratory, cardiovascular, renal, and metabolic diseases alongside cancer, autoimmune conditions, infections, and neurological disorders. Their diverse product portfolio includes biologics, prescription pharmaceuticals, and vaccines. The company distributes its products through wholly-owned local marketing subsidiaries, distributors, and regional offices, targeting primary care and specialty care physicians. Operating globally across Europe, the Americas, Asia, Africa, and Australasia, AstraZeneca is headquartered in Cambridge, United Kingdom.

Zibotentan is an experimental anti-cancer drug candidate in development by AstraZeneca. Dapagliflozin, a sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, decreases the reabsorption of filtered glucose, promoting its excretion through urine. It also reduces sodium reabsorption and enhances sodium delivery to the distal tubule. Zibotentan, an orally available selective antagonist of the endothelin-A (ET-A) receptor, has potential as an antineoplastic agent. By blocking the activity of the Endothelin A receptor, it inhibits tumor growth and metastasis.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs):
• What complications can arise from CKD?

A: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) may lead to complications such as cardiovascular disease, anemia, bone disease, electrolyte imbalances, and fluid retention. These complications can worsen as CKD progresses to end-stage renal disease (ESRD).
• What are the symptoms of CKD?

A: In the early stages, CKD may not cause noticeable symptoms. As it progresses, symptoms may include fatigue, swelling in the ankles, decreased urine output, difficulty concentrating, and blood in the urine.
• How is CKD diagnosed?

A: CKD diagnosis involves blood tests to measure creatinine levels and estimate the glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), as well as urine tests to check for protein levels (albuminuria). Imaging tests such as ultrasounds or CT scans may also be used, and in some cases, a kidney biopsy is performed.