Global Artificial Intelligence (AI) Infrastructure Market 2024-2028

Best Price Guarantee	Length	Publisher	Published Date	SKU
from $2,500	145 Pages	TechNavio	October, 2024	INF19287337

Best Price Guarantee
Price	from $2,500
Length	145 Pages
Publisher	TechNavio
Published Date	October, 2024
SKU	INF19287337

Artificial Intelligence (AI) Infrastructure Market 2024-2028

The artificial intelligence (AI) infrastructure market is forecasted to grow by USD 22065.3 mn during 2023-2028, accelerating at a CAGR of 20.6% during the forecast period. The report on the artificial intelligence (AI) infrastructure market provides a holistic analysis, market size and forecast, trends, growth drivers, and challenges, as well as vendor analysis covering around 25 vendors.

The report offers an up-to-date analysis regarding the current market scenario, the latest trends and drivers, and the overall market environment. The market is driven by emerging application of machine learning (ML), rise in investments and research and development in ai start-ups, and increasing applications of iiot and automation technologies.

Technavio's artificial intelligence (AI) infrastructure market is segmented as below:

By Type
Processor
Storage
Memory
By Geographical Landscape
North America
Europe
APAC
South America
Middle East and Africa

This study identifies the increased availability of cloud-based applications as one of the prime reasons driving the artificial intelligence (AI) infrastructure market growth during the next few years. Also, increased applications in among various end-users and growing partnerships and mergers and acquisitions among vendors will lead to sizable demand in the market.

The report on the artificial intelligence (AI) infrastructure market covers the following areas:

Artificial Intelligence (AI) Infrastructure Market sizing
Artificial Intelligence (AI) Infrastructure Market forecast
Artificial Intelligence (AI) Infrastructure Market industry analysis

The robust vendor analysis is designed to help clients improve their market position, and in line with this, this report provides a detailed analysis of several leading artificial intelligence (AI) infrastructure market vendors that include Advanced Micro Devices Inc., Alphabet Inc., Amazon.com Inc., Arm Ltd., Cadence Design Systems Inc., Cisco Systems Inc., Dell Technologies Inc., Graphcore Ltd., Imagination Technologies Ltd., Intel Corp., International Business Machines Corp., Micron Technology Inc., Microsoft Corp., NVIDIA Corp., Oracle Corp., Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd., SK Inc., Synopsys Inc., Toshiba Corp., and Wave Computing Inc.. Also, the artificial intelligence (AI) infrastructure market analysis report includes information on upcoming trends and challenges that will influence market growth. This is to help companies strategize and leverage all forthcoming growth opportunities.

The study was conducted using an objective combination of primary and secondary information including inputs from key participants in the industry. The report contains a comprehensive market and vendor landscape in addition to an analysis of the key vendors.
The publisher presents a detailed picture of the market by the way of study, synthesis, and summation of data from multiple sources by an analysis of key parameters such as profit, pricing, competition, and promotions. It presents various market facets by identifying the key industry influencers. The data presented is comprehensive, reliable, and a result of extensive primary and secondary research. The market research reports provide a complete competitive landscape and an in-depth vendor selection methodology and analysis using qualitative and quantitative research to forecast accurate market growth.

1 Executive Summary: 1.1 Market overview; Executive Summary - Chart on Market Overview; Executive Summary - Data Table on Market Overview; Executive Summary - Chart on Global Market Characteristics; Executive Summary - Chart on Market By Geographical Landscape; Executive Summary - Chart on Market Segmentation by Type; Executive Summary - Chart on Incremental Growth; Executive Summary - Data Table on Incremental Growth; Executive Summary - Chart on Company Market Positioning
2 Market Landscape: 2.1 Market ecosystem; Parent Market; Data Table on - Parent Market; 2.2 Market characteristics; Market characteristics analysis; 2.3 Value chain analysis; Value Chain Analysis
3 Market Sizing: 3.1 Market definition; Offerings of companies included in the market definition; 3.2 Market segment analysis; Market segments; 3.3 Market size 2023; 3.4 Market outlook: Forecast for 2023-2028; Chart on Global - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million); Data Table on Global - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million); Chart on Global Market: Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%); Data Table on Global Market: Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
4 Historic Market Size: 4.1 Global Artificial Intelligence (AI) Infrastructure Market 2018 - 2022; Historic Market Size - Data Table on Global Artificial Intelligence (AI) Infrastructure Market 2018 - 2022 ($ million); 4.2 Type segment analysis 2018 - 2022; Historic Market Size - Type Segment 2018 - 2022 ($ million); 4.3 Geography segment analysis 2018 - 2022; Historic Market Size - Geography Segment 2018 - 2022 ($ million); 4.4 Country segment analysis 2018 - 2022; Historic Market Size - Country Segment 2018 - 2022 ($ million)
5 Five Forces Analysis: 5.1 Five forces summary; Five forces analysis - Comparison between 2023 and 2028; 5.2 Bargaining power of buyers; Bargaining power of buyers - Impact of key factors 2023 and 2028; 5.3 Bargaining power of suppliers; Bargaining power of suppliers - Impact of key factors in 2023 and 2028; 5.4 Threat of new entrants; Threat of new entrants - Impact of key factors in 2023 and 2028; 5.5 Threat of substitutes; Threat of substitutes - Impact of key factors in 2023 and 2028; 5.6 Threat of rivalry; Threat of rivalry - Impact of key factors in 2023 and 2028; 5.7 Market condition; Chart on Market condition - Five forces 2023 and 2028
6 Market Segmentation by Type: 6.1 Market segments; Chart on Type - Market share 2023-2028 (%); Data Table on Type - Market share 2023-2028 (%); 6.2 Comparison by Type; Chart on Comparison by Type; Data Table on Comparison by Type; 6.3 Processor - Market size and forecast 2023-2028; Chart on Processor - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million); Data Table on Processor - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million); Chart on Processor - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%); Data Table on Processor - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%); 6.4 Storage - Market size and forecast 2023-2028; Chart on Storage - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million); Data Table on Storage - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million); Chart on Storage - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%); Data Table on Storage - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%); 6.5 Memory - Market size and forecast 2023-2028; Chart on Memory - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million); Data Table on Memory - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million); Chart on Memory - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%); Data Table on Memory - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%); 6.6 Market opportunity by Type; Market opportunity by Type ($ million); Data Table on Market opportunity by Type ($ million)
7 Customer Landscape: 7.1 Customer landscape overview; Analysis of price sensitivity, lifecycle, customer purchase basket, adoption rates, and purchase criteria
8 Geographic Landscape: 8.1 Geographic segmentation; Chart on Market share By Geographical Landscape 2023-2028 (%); Data Table on Market share By Geographical Landscape 2023-2028 (%); 8.2 Geographic comparison; Chart on Geographic comparison; Data Table on Geographic comparison; 8.3 North America - Market size and forecast 2023-2028; Chart on North America - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million); Data Table on North America - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million); Chart on North America - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%); Data Table on North America - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%); 8.4 Europe - Market size and forecast 2023-2028; Chart on Europe - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million); Data Table on Europe - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million); Chart on Europe - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%); Data Table on Europe - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%); 8.5 APAC - Market size and forecast 2023-2028; Chart on APAC - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million); Data Table on APAC - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million); Chart on APAC - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%); Data Table on APAC - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%); 8.6 South America - Market size and forecast 2023-2028; Chart on South America - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million); Data Table on South America - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million); Chart on South America - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%); Data Table on South America - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%); 8.7 Middle East and Africa - Market size and forecast 2023-2028; Chart on Middle East and Africa - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million); Data Table on Middle East and Africa - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million); Chart on Middle East and Africa - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%); Data Table on Middle East and Africa - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%); 8.8 US - Market size and forecast 2023-2028; Chart on US - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million); Data Table on US - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million); Chart on US - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%); Data Table on US - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%); 8.9 China - Market size and forecast 2023-2028; Chart on China - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million); Data Table on China - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million); Chart on China - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%); Data Table on China - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%); 8.10 UK - Market size and forecast 2023-2028; Chart on UK - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million); Data Table on UK - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million); Chart on UK - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%); Data Table on UK - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%); 8.11 Japan - Market size and forecast 2023-2028; Chart on Japan - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million); Data Table on Japan - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million); Chart on Japan - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%); Data Table on Japan - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%); 8.12 Germany - Market size and forecast 2023-2028; Chart on Germany - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million); Data Table on Germany - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million); Chart on Germany - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%); Data Table on Germany - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%); 8.13 Market opportunity By Geographical Landscape; Market opportunity By Geographical Landscape ($ million); Data Tables on Market opportunity By Geographical Landscape ($ million)
9 Drivers, Challenges, and Opportunity/Restraints: 9.1 Market drivers; 9.2 Market challenges; 9.3 Impact of drivers and challenges; Impact of drivers and challenges in 2023 and 2028; 9.4 Market opportunities/restraints
10 Competitive Landscape: 10.1 Overview; 10.2 Competitive Landscape; Overview on criticality of inputs and factors of differentiation; 10.3 Landscape disruption; Overview on factors of disruption; 10.4 Industry risks; Impact of key risks on business
11 Competitive Analysis: 11.1 Companies profiled; Companies covered; 11.2 Market positioning of companies; Matrix on companies position and classification; 11.3 Advanced Micro Devices Inc.; Advanced Micro Devices Inc. - Overview; Advanced Micro Devices Inc. - Business segments; Advanced Micro Devices Inc. - Key news; Advanced Micro Devices Inc. - Key offerings; Advanced Micro Devices Inc. - Segment focus; 11.4 Alphabet Inc.; Alphabet Inc. - Overview; Alphabet Inc. - Business segments; Alphabet Inc. - Key offerings; Alphabet Inc. - Segment focus; 11.5 Cadence Design Systems Inc.; Cadence Design Systems Inc. - Overview; Cadence Design Systems Inc. - Business segments; Cadence Design Systems Inc. - Key news; Cadence Design Systems Inc. - Key offerings; Cadence Design Systems Inc. - Segment focus; 11.6 Cisco Systems Inc.; Cisco Systems Inc. - Overview; Cisco Systems Inc. - Business segments; Cisco Systems Inc. - Key news; Cisco Systems Inc. - Key offerings; Cisco Systems Inc. - Segment focus; 11.7 Intel Corp.; Intel Corp. - Overview; Intel Corp. - Business segments; Intel Corp. - Key news; Intel Corp. - Key offerings; Intel Corp. - Segment focus; 11.8 International Business Machines Corp.; International Business Machines Corp. - Overview; International Business Machines Corp. - Business segments; International Business Machines Corp. - Key news; International Business Machines Corp. - Key offerings; International Business Machines Corp. - Segment focus; 11.9 Micron Technology Inc.; Micron Technology Inc. - Overview; Micron Technology Inc. - Business segments; Micron Technology Inc. - Key news; Micron Technology Inc. - Key offerings; Micron Technology Inc. - Segment focus; 11.10 Microsoft Corp.; Microsoft Corp. - Overview; Microsoft Corp. - Business segments; Microsoft Corp. - Key news; Microsoft Corp. - Key offerings; Microsoft Corp. - Segment focus; 11.11 NVIDIA Corp.; NVIDIA Corp. - Overview; NVIDIA Corp. - Business segments; NVIDIA Corp. - Key news; NVIDIA Corp. - Key offerings; NVIDIA Corp. - Segment focus; 11.12 Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd.; Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd. - Overview; Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd. - Business segments; Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd. - Key news; Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd. - Key offerings; Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd. - Segment focus
12 Appendix: 12.1 Scope of the report; 12.2 Inclusions and exclusions checklist; Inclusions checklist; Exclusions checklist; 12.3 Currency conversion rates for US$; Currency conversion rates for US$; 12.4 Research methodology; Research methodology; 12.5 Data procurement; Information sources; 12.6 Data validation; Data validation; 12.7 Validation techniques employed for market sizing; Validation techniques employed for market sizing; 12.8 Data synthesis; Data synthesis; 12.9 360 degree market analysis; 360 degree market analysis; 12.10 List of abbreviations; List of abbreviations
Exhibits:: Exhibits1: Executive Summary - Chart on Market Overview; Exhibits2: Executive Summary - Data Table on Market Overview; Exhibits3: Executive Summary - Chart on Global Market Characteristics; Exhibits4: Executive Summary - Chart on Market By Geographical Landscape; Exhibits5: Executive Summary - Chart on Market Segmentation by Type; Exhibits6: Executive Summary - Chart on Incremental Growth; Exhibits7: Executive Summary - Data Table on Incremental Growth; Exhibits8: Executive Summary - Chart on Company Market Positioning; Exhibits9: Parent Market; Exhibits10: Data Table on - Parent Market; Exhibits11: Market characteristics analysis; Exhibits12: Value Chain Analysis; Exhibits13: Offerings of companies included in the market definition; Exhibits14: Market segments; Exhibits15: Chart on Global - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million); Exhibits16: Data Table on Global - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million); Exhibits17: Chart on Global Market: Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%); Exhibits18: Data Table on Global Market: Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%); Exhibits19: Historic Market Size - Data Table on Global Artificial Intelligence (AI) Infrastructure Market 2018 - 2022 ($ million); Exhibits20: Historic Market Size - Type Segment 2018 - 2022 ($ million); Exhibits21: Historic Market Size - Geography Segment 2018 - 2022 ($ million); Exhibits22: Historic Market Size - Country Segment 2018 - 2022 ($ million); Exhibits23: Five forces analysis - Comparison between 2023 and 2028; Exhibits24: Bargaining power of buyers - Impact of key factors 2023 and 2028; Exhibits25: Bargaining power of suppliers - Impact of key factors in 2023 and 2028; Exhibits26: Threat of new entrants - Impact of key factors in 2023 and 2028; Exhibits27: Threat of substitutes - Impact of key factors in 2023 and 2028; Exhibits28: Threat of rivalry - Impact of key factors in 2023 and 2028; Exhibits29: Chart on Market condition - Five forces 2023 and 2028; Exhibits30: Chart on Type - Market share 2023-2028 (%); Exhibits31: Data Table on Type - Market share 2023-2028 (%); Exhibits32: Chart on Comparison by Type; Exhibits33: Data Table on Comparison by Type; Exhibits34: Chart on Processor - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million); Exhibits35: Data Table on Processor - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million); Exhibits36: Chart on Processor - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%); Exhibits37: Data Table on Processor - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%); Exhibits38: Chart on Storage - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million); Exhibits39: Data Table on Storage - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million); Exhibits40: Chart on Storage - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%); Exhibits41: Data Table on Storage - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%); Exhibits42: Chart on Memory - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million); Exhibits43: Data Table on Memory - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million); Exhibits44: Chart on Memory - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%); Exhibits45: Data Table on Memory - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%); Exhibits46: Market opportunity by Type ($ million); Exhibits47: Data Table on Market opportunity by Type ($ million); Exhibits48: Analysis of price sensitivity, lifecycle, customer purchase basket, adoption rates, and purchase criteria; Exhibits49: Chart on Market share By Geographical Landscape 2023-2028 (%); Exhibits50: Data Table on Market share By Geographical Landscape 2023-2028 (%); Exhibits51: Chart on Geographic comparison; Exhibits52: Data Table on Geographic comparison; Exhibits53: Chart on North America - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million); Exhibits54: Data Table on North America - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million); Exhibits55: Chart on North America - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%); Exhibits56: Data Table on North America - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%); Exhibits57: Chart on Europe - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million); Exhibits58: Data Table on Europe - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million); Exhibits59: Chart on Europe - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%); Exhibits60: Data Table on Europe - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%); Exhibits61: Chart on APAC - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million); Exhibits62: Data Table on APAC - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million); Exhibits63: Chart on APAC - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%); Exhibits64: Data Table on APAC - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%); Exhibits65: Chart on South America - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million); Exhibits66: Data Table on South America - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million); Exhibits67: Chart on South America - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%); Exhibits68: Data Table on South America - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%); Exhibits69: Chart on Middle East and Africa - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million); Exhibits70: Data Table on Middle East and Africa - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million); Exhibits71: Chart on Middle East and Africa - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%); Exhibits72: Data Table on Middle East and Africa - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%); Exhibits73: Chart on US - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million); Exhibits74: Data Table on US - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million); Exhibits75: Chart on US - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%); Exhibits76: Data Table on US - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%); Exhibits77: Chart on China - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million); Exhibits78: Data Table on China - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million); Exhibits79: Chart on China - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%); Exhibits80: Data Table on China - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%); Exhibits81: Chart on UK - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million); Exhibits82: Data Table on UK - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million); Exhibits83: Chart on UK - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%); Exhibits84: Data Table on UK - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%); Exhibits85: Chart on Japan - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million); Exhibits86: Data Table on Japan - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million); Exhibits87: Chart on Japan - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%); Exhibits88: Data Table on Japan - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%); Exhibits89: Chart on Germany - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million); Exhibits90: Data Table on Germany - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million); Exhibits91: Chart on Germany - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%); Exhibits92: Data Table on Germany - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%); Exhibits93: Market opportunity By Geographical Landscape ($ million); Exhibits94: Data Tables on Market opportunity By Geographical Landscape ($ million); Exhibits95: Impact of drivers and challenges in 2023 and 2028; Exhibits96: Overview on criticality of inputs and factors of differentiation; Exhibits97: Overview on factors of disruption; Exhibits98: Impact of key risks on business; Exhibits99: Companies covered; Exhibits100: Matrix on companies position and classification; Exhibits101: Advanced Micro Devices Inc. - Overview; Exhibits102: Advanced Micro Devices Inc. - Business segments; Exhibits103: Advanced Micro Devices Inc. - Key news; Exhibits104: Advanced Micro Devices Inc. - Key offerings; Exhibits105: Advanced Micro Devices Inc. - Segment focus; Exhibits106: Alphabet Inc. - Overview; Exhibits107: Alphabet Inc. - Business segments; Exhibits108: Alphabet Inc. - Key offerings; Exhibits109: Alphabet Inc. - Segment focus; Exhibits110: Cadence Design Systems Inc. - Overview; Exhibits111: Cadence Design Systems Inc. - Business segments; Exhibits112: Cadence Design Systems Inc. - Key news; Exhibits113: Cadence Design Systems Inc. - Key offerings; Exhibits114: Cadence Design Systems Inc. - Segment focus; Exhibits115: Cisco Systems Inc. - Overview; Exhibits116: Cisco Systems Inc. - Business segments; Exhibits117: Cisco Systems Inc. - Key news; Exhibits118: Cisco Systems Inc. - Key offerings; Exhibits119: Cisco Systems Inc. - Segment focus; Exhibits120: Intel Corp. - Overview; Exhibits121: Intel Corp. - Business segments; Exhibits122: Intel Corp. - Key news; Exhibits123: Intel Corp. - Key offerings; Exhibits124: Intel Corp. - Segment focus; Exhibits125: International Business Machines Corp. - Overview; Exhibits126: International Business Machines Corp. - Business segments; Exhibits127: International Business Machines Corp. - Key news; Exhibits128: International Business Machines Corp. - Key offerings; Exhibits129: International Business Machines Corp. - Segment focus; Exhibits130: Micron Technology Inc. - Overview; Exhibits131: Micron Technology Inc. - Business segments; Exhibits132: Micron Technology Inc. - Key news; Exhibits133: Micron Technology Inc. - Key offerings; Exhibits134: Micron Technology Inc. - Segment focus; Exhibits135: Microsoft Corp. - Overview; Exhibits136: Microsoft Corp. - Business segments; Exhibits137: Microsoft Corp. - Key news; Exhibits138: Microsoft Corp. - Key offerings; Exhibits139: Microsoft Corp. - Segment focus; Exhibits140: NVIDIA Corp. - Overview; Exhibits141: NVIDIA Corp. - Business segments; Exhibits142: NVIDIA Corp. - Key news; Exhibits143: NVIDIA Corp. - Key offerings; Exhibits144: NVIDIA Corp. - Segment focus; Exhibits145: Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd. - Overview; Exhibits146: Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd. - Business segments; Exhibits147: Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd. - Key news; Exhibits148: Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd. - Key offerings; Exhibits149: Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd. - Segment focus; Exhibits150: Inclusions checklist; Exhibits151: Exclusions checklist; Exhibits152: Currency conversion rates for US$; Exhibits153: Research methodology; Exhibits154: Information sources; Exhibits155: Data validation; Exhibits156: Validation techniques employed for market sizing; Exhibits157: Data synthesis; Exhibits158: 360 degree market analysis; Exhibits159: List of abbreviations