The convergence of satellite services with 5G holds the promise of revolutionising communications by offering increased connectivity in underserved areas and boosting network resilience. This synergy between satellites and 5G is driven by the growing need for reliable connectivity, particularly in rural and remote areas where traditional terrestrial infrastructure is absent or limited.
Global Coverage Resilience New Markets
Although Non-terrestrial Network (NTN) 5G is still in its infancy, a number of initiatives are underway (industrial consortia, ESA, research projects).
The main challenges remain related to the maturity of the end equipment, the cost of the infrastructure required for production and maintenance, and the regulations and cooperation between the various segments.
3GPP standardisation since Release 17 has enabled 5G to take into account NTN communications, offering the possibility of low-speed communication, the Internet of Things and recent improvements for broadband.
1. Executive Summary
2. Introduction to satellite communications (SATCOM)
2.1. The race for mega constellations in low-Earth orbit
2.2. Emerging trends and technologies in satellite constellation networks
3. Satellite integration into the 3GPP ecosystem
3.1. When talking about the 5G NTN (Non-Terrestrial Networks) ecosystem, various aspects and components of this technology need to be taken into account
3.2. Non-terrestrial 5G faces specificities challenges in the space sector
3.3. 3GPP standard integrates NTN into 5G, taking into account the specificities of space
3.4. Frequency bands considered for 5G NTN
3.5 Three main architectures are possible for NTN 5G networks
3.6 NTN will be native to 6G
4. 5G satellite applications and use cases
Different applications
Direct-to-Cell or Direct-to-Device service
Example of 4G/5G call architecture (AST SpaceMobile Verizon)
NTN IoT Service
NTN 5G service for broadband
Opportunities and challenges of integrating terrestrial and satellite networks
Market segment by type of service
Direct-to-Device (or direct-to-cell) use cases
NTN IoT use cases
Broadband use cases
The benefits of integrating 5G into satellites for different use cases
Factors influencing the future 5G market NTN
5. European initiatives, associations and NTN 5G research projects
Various associations express strong interest in the NTN 5G standard
European initiatives for NTN research and development on 5G, 6G