Pricing & Markets Market Research Reports

As many consumers and ratepayers know, the price of energy fluctuates with organic, market-driven demand, but also speculation, infrastructural and supply chain bottlenecks, and regional and temporal scarcity. Examples of pricing and cost fluctuations can be found with fossil fuel commodities, notably petroleum products and natural gas, but also grid electricity. Market speculation, particularly in futures, can drive up spot prices and new contracts for petroleum and natural gas, as scarcity is perceived in future markets. Reductions in production volumes for oil can also lead to higher prices, as has been the case with political disturbances in oil-producing economies as well as politically-motivated embargoes. Similarly, supply gluts and falling demand can dramatically reduce market prices. For example, both factors affected plummeting natural gas prices in North America in the past few years as shale gas production increased and demand fell in a recessionary economy. Damaged or inactive refinery capacities can also affect petroleum product pricing down the supply chain, as has occurred in the US following the closure and debilitation of refineries along the Gulf Coast following natural disasters.

Similar to commodity supply chains, disturbances in transmission and distribution (T&D) infrastructure and lower available capacities for energy transmission can increase prices in spot, day-ahead and contract electricity. Similarly, premiums are paid for renewable energy electricity due to higher generation costs and regulatory mechanisms like feed-in tariffs (FIT). Fuel costs can also drive up prices for electricity, particularly with gas turbines. Seasonal and daily demand spikes or load peaks greatly increase prices or rates for electricity.

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Pricing & Markets Industry Research & Market Reports

  • Macro - Country Economic Forecasts - Kiribati

    ... of a 38% rise in public sector wages in 2024 is expected to taper off next year. Kiribati's economic performance continues to depend on external factors given its limited scope to raise domestic growth drivers. Read More

  • Macro - Country Economic Forecasts - Eurozone

    ... momentum throughout next year as solid growth in real disposable income supports consumption. The economy is also set to benefit from lower interest rates. Meanwhile, we think industrial output will improve from a low base. Read More

  • Analysis by Region - Emerging Markets - Nigeria

    ... we are satisfied that our real GDP growth forecast of 2.8% for the year remains valid. Nigeria's purchasing managers' index posted monthly contractionary readings in Q3 2024 – setting the scene for a slowdown in ... Read More

  • Analysis by Region - Emerging Markets - Ghana

    ... to slow in the second half of 2024, we still project the economy to expand by 5.0% this year. Inflation in 2024 should ease to 22.5% from 39.2% in 2023, while another policy rate cut ... Read More

  • Analysis by Region - Emerging Markets - Niger

    ... pipeline continues to make headlines – for all the wrong reasons. The pipeline has been targeted by anti-junta rebels while neighbouring Benin refuses to avail its port for crude exports. Benin has little to gain ... Read More

  • Analysis by Region - Emerging Markets - Sierra Leone

    ... and private sector activity, with real GDP growth forecast to rise from 3.4% in 2023 to 3.5% in 2024 and 3.7% in 2026. Real GDP growth is forecast to decline again during 2027-2035 to an ... Read More

  • Impact of the 2024 U.S. Election on Energy Security in the U.S. - October 2024 Edition

    ... outcome of the 2024 U.S. election is poised to significantly impact energy security and infrastructure, both domestically and globally. This analysis explores various facets of this impact through the lens of current energy policies, market ... Read More

  • Impact of the 2024 U.S. Election on Energy Security in the U.S. - October 2024 Edition

    ... outcome of the 2024 U.S. election is poised to significantly impact energy security and infrastructure, both domestically and globally. This analysis explores various facets of this impact through the lens of current energy policies, market ... Read More

  • Macro - Country Economic Forecasts - Kuwait

    ... growth forecast down to a 1.9% contraction from 0.5% previously. We attribute our revision primarily to the changes in measurement scopes rather than a shift in our view. In fact, we now project even stronger ... Read More

  • Macro - Country Economic Forecasts - United Arab Emirates

    ... In its latest World Economic Outlook, the International Monetary Fund upgraded its GDP growth forecasts for the UAE to 4.0% for 2024 and 5.1% for 2025. While we share this optimistic outlook, we are slightly ... Read More

  • Analysis by Region - Emerging Markets - Croatia

    ... large hike in energy prices early next year that will cause real income growth to slow down considerably. Still, the economy will likely continue to outperform the eurozone average next year and over the long ... Read More

  • Macro - Country Economic Forecasts - Netherlands

    ... wage growth helps drive the recovery in consumption, along with lower inflation. We expect inflation will average 3.4% in 2024 and 2.5% in 2025, thanks to lower international energy prices and easing underlying inflationary pressures. Read More

  • Analysis by Region - Emerging Markets - Congo Republic

    ... now project a sharper 4.0% reduction in Congo's average oil output for 2024 (-3.1% estimated previously), and an additional 3.7% decline is expected in 2025. Lower oil output will weigh on economic growth. Brent crude ... Read More

  • Macro - Country Economic Forecasts - India

    ... - Country Economic Forecasts - India We've maintained our GDP growth forecast for India at 6.8% for 2024 and 7.0% for 2025. In fiscal year terms, we continue to expect a 6.7% expansion during 2024/25. Read More

  • Analysis by Region - Emerging Markets - Kenya

    ... President Rigathi Gachagua. The deputy president was charged with violating the Constitution, breaching judicial independence, breaking his oath of office, making inflammatory public statements, and undermining the National Intelligence Service. In Mount Kenya, Mr Gachagua’s ... Read More

  • Macro - Country Economic Forecasts - Sweden

    ... pace in the next few quarters due to household real income gains, easing financial conditions, and improved domestic and external demand. Both fiscal and monetary policy will support growth next year, making Sweden the fastest ... Read More

  • Industry - Commodity Price Forecasts - Commodity Price Forecasts

    ... price impact as transitory, although the conflict remains an upside risk. Overall, we have downgraded our Brent forecast for 2025 to US$72.60/bl as a review of our supply forecasts has resulted in our forecast market ... Read More

  • Macro - Country Economic Forecasts - Germany

    ... in August limits the risks of a more material drop in Q3 GDP. But incoming capital goods and construction orders underscore the continued drag from past monetary policy tightening. Meanwhile, the drop in employment in ... Read More

  • Macro - Country Economic Forecasts - Iran, Islamic Rep.

    ... Forecasts - Iran, Islamic Rep. We've upgraded our FY2024 GDP growth forecast for Iran by 0.1ppt to 3.0%, on stronger-than-expected oil production and exports. Still, this is a marked slowdown from 5.0% growth in FY2023. Read More

  • Macro - Country Economic Forecasts - Iraq

    ... expansionary fiscal policy. But we've lowered our forecast for 2025 to 2.8% from 3.6%, to reflect the recent extension of the voluntary 220 tb/d cut, pledged until the end of November. We expect Iraq will ... Read More

  • Macro - Country Economic Forecasts - Estonia

    ... and our forecast of soft growth in Q3 and Q4 will likely result in a mild GDP contraction of 0.5% for this year. We expect growth of 3.6% next year as the economy starts to ... Read More

  • Natural Gas Distribution in Canada - Industry Market Research Report

    ... years to 2023 as a result of highly volatile world and domestic prices of natural gas. Revenue has fluctuated in line with changes in natural gas prices, although the rates paid for natural gas by ... Read More

  • Analysis by Region - Africa - Libya

    ... the CBL is now split between factions that follow the instructions of the country’s two rival governments. The faction in active control lacks access to the CBL’s hard currency deposits, with the result that letters ... Read More

  • Industry - Country Industry Forecasts - Germany

    ... signs cited in our last quarter’s report have either reversed or stalled out: monthly industrial production figures showed steep falls first in May and then again in July, falling below the previous trough in December. Read More

  • Macro - Country Economic Forecasts - Oman

    ... hiked gradually, helping GDP growth to pick up to 2.3% next year. We maintain our 2024 forecast of 2.4% growth in the non-energy sector, rising to 2.8% in 2025, supported by the domestic investment strategy. Read More

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