The Global Market for Bio-based Materials 2023-2033

The Global Market for Bio-based Materials 2023-2033

With the need to supplement global plastics production with sustainable alternatives, and the dearth of available recycled plastic (~9% of the world's plastic is recycled), many producers are turning to bio-based alternatives. Bio-based materials refer to products that mainly consist of a substance (or substances) derived from living matter (biomass) and either occur naturally or are synthesized, or it may refer to products made by processes that use biomass. Materials from biomass sources include bulk chemicals, platform chemicals, solvents, polymers, and biocomposites. The many processes to convert biomass components to value-added products and fuels can be classified broadly as biochemical or thermochemical. In addition, biotechnological processes that rely mainly on plant breeding, fermentation, and conventional enzyme isolation also are used. New bio-based materials that may compete with conventional materials are emerging continually, and the opportunities to use them in existing and novel products are explored in this publication.

There is growing consumer demand and regulatory push for bio-based chemicals, materials, polymers, plastics, paints, coatings and fuels with high performance, good recyclability and biodegradable properties to underpin transition towards more sustainable manufacturing and products.

The Global Market for Bio-based Materials to 2033 presents a complete picture of the current market and future outlooks, covering bio-based chemicals and feedstocks, materials, polymers, bio-plastics, bio-fuels and bio-based paints and coatings. Contents include:

 In depth market analysis of bio-based chemical feedstocks, biopolymers, bioplastics, natural fibers and lignin, biofuels and bio-based coatings and paints.
 Global production capacities, market volumes and trends, current and forecast to 2033.
 Analysis of bio-based chemical including 11-Aminoundecanoic acid (11-AA), 1,4-Butanediol (1,4-BDO), Dodecanedioic acid (DDDA), Epichlorohydrin (ECH), Ethylene, Furan derivatives, 5-Chloromethylfurfural (5-CMF), 2,5-Furandicarboxylic acid (2,5-FDCA), Furandicarboxylic methyl ester (FDME), Isosorbide, Itaconic acid, 5 Hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF), Lactic acid (D-LA), Lactic acid – L-lactic acid (L-LA), Lactide, Levoglucosenone, Levulinic acid, Monoethylene glycol (MEG), Monopropylene glycol (MPG), Muconic acid, Naphtha, 1,5-Pentametylenediamine (DN5), 1,3-Propanediol (1,3-PDO), Sebacic acid and Succinic acid.
 Analysis of synthetic bio-polymers and bio-plastics market including Polylactic acid (Bio-PLA), Polyethylene terephthalate (Bio-PET), Polytrimethylene terephthalate (Bio-PTT), Polyethylene furanoate (Bio-PEF), Polyamides (Bio-PA), Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (Bio-PBAT), Polybutylene succinate (PBS) and copolymers, Polyethylene (Bio-PE), Polypropylene (Bio-PP)
 Analysis of naturally produced bio-based polymers including Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), Polysaccharides, Microfibrillated cellulose (MFC), Cellulose nanocrystals, Cellulose nanofibers, Protein-based bioplastics, Algal and fungal materials.
 Analysis of market for bio-fuels.
 Analysis of types of natural fibers including plant fibers, animal fibers including alternative leather, wool, silk fiber and down and polysaccharides.
 Markets for natural fibers, including composites, aerospace, automotive, construction & building, sports & leisure, textiles, consumer products and packaging.
 Production capacities of lignin producers.
 In depth analysis of biorefinery lignin production.
 Analysis of the market for bio-based, sustainable paints and coatings.
 Analysis of types of bio-coatings and paints market. Including Alkyd coatings, Polyurethane coatings, Epoxy coatings, Acrylate resins, Polylactic acid (Bio-PLA), Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), Cellulose, Rosins, Biobased carbon black, Lignin, Edible coatings, Protein-based biomaterials for coatings, Alginate etc.
 Profiles of over 800 companies. Companies profiled include NatureWorks, Total Corbion, Danimer Scientific, Novamont, Mitsubishi Chemicals, Indorama, Braskem, Avantium, Borealis, Cathay, Dupont, BASF, Arkema, DuPont, BASF, AMSilk GmbH, Loliware, Bolt Threads, Ecovative, Bioform Technologies, Algal Bio, Kraig Biocraft Laboratories, Biotic Circular Technologies Ltd., Full Cycle Bioplastics, Stora Enso Oyj, Spiber, Traceless Materials GmbH, CJ Biomaterials, Natrify, Plastus, Humble Bee Bio, B’ZEOS, Ecovative, Notpla, Smartfiber, Keel Labs and MycoWorks.


  • RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
  • BIO-BASED CHEMICALS AND FEEDSTOCKS
    • Types
      • Table List of Bio-based chemicals.
    • Production capacities
    • Bio-based adipic acid
      • Applications and production
    • 11-Aminoundecanoic acid (11-AA)
      • Applications and production
    • 1,4-Butanediol (1,4-BDO)
      • Applications and production
    • Dodecanedioic acid (DDDA)
      • Applications and production
    • Epichlorohydrin (ECH)
      • Applications and production
    • Ethylene
      • Applications and production
    • Furfural
      • Applications and production
    • 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF)
      • Applications and production
    • 5-Chloromethylfurfural (5-CMF)
      • Applications and production
    • 2,5-Furandicarboxylic acid (2,5-FDCA)
      • Applications and production
    • Furandicarboxylic methyl ester (FDME)
    • Isosorbide
      • Applications and production
    • Itaconic acid
      • Applications and production
    • 3-Hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP)
      • Applications and production
    • 5 Hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF)
      • Applications and production
    • Lactic acid (D-LA)
      • Applications and production
    • Lactic acid – L-lactic acid (L-LA)
      • Applications and production
    • Lactide
      • Applications and production
        • Table Lactide applications.
    • Levoglucosenone
      • Applications and production
    • Levulinic acid
      • Applications and production
    • Monoethylene glycol (MEG)
      • Applications and production
        • Table Biobased MEG producers capacities.
    • Monopropylene glycol (MPG)
      • Applications and production
    • Muconic acid
      • Applications and production
    • Bio-Naphtha
      • Table Bio-naphtha market value chain.
      • Applications and production
      • Production capacities
      • Bio-naptha producers
        • Table Bio-naptha producers and production capacities.
    • Pentamethylene diisocyanate
      • Applications and production
    • 1,3-Propanediol (1,3-PDO)
      • Applications and production
    • Sebacic acid
      • Applications and production
    • Succinic acid (SA)
      • Applications and production
  • BIO-BASED MATERIALS, PLASTICS AND POLYMERS
    • Bio-based or renewable plastics
      • Drop-in bio-based plastics
      • Novel bio-based plastics
    • Biodegradable and compostable plastics
      • Biodegradability
        • Table Type of biodegradation.
      • Compostability
    • Advantages and disadvantages
      • Table Advantages and disadvantages of biobased plastics compared to conventional plastics.
    • Types of Bio-based and/or Biodegradable Plastics
      • Table Types of Bio-based and/or Biodegradable Plastics, applications.
    • Market leaders by biobased and/or biodegradable plastic types
      • Table Market leader by Bio-based and/or Biodegradable Plastic types.
    • Regional/country production capacities, by main types
      • Table Bioplastics regional production capacities, 1,000 tons, 2019-2033.
      • Bio-based Polyethylene (Bio-PE) production capacities, by country
      • Bio-based Polyethylene terephthalate (Bio-PET) production capacities, by country
      • Bio-based polyamides (Bio-PA) production capacities, by country
      • Bio-based Polypropylene (Bio-PP) production capacities, by country
      • Bio-based Polytrimethylene terephthalate (Bio-PTT) production capacities, by country
      • Bio-based Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) production capacities, by country
      • Bio-based Polybutylene succinate (PBS) production capacities, by country
      • Bio-based Polylactic acid (PLA) production capacities, by country
      • Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) production capacities, by country
      • Starch blends production capacities, by country
    • SYNTHETIC BIO-BASED POLYMERS
      • Polylactic acid (Bio-PLA)
        • Table Polylactic acid (PLA) market analysis-manufacture, advantages, disadvantages and applications.
        • Table Lactic acid producers and production capacities.
        • Table PLA producers and production capacities.
        • Table Planned PLA capacity expansions in China.
      • Polyethylene terephthalate (Bio-PET)
        • Table Bio-based Polyethylene terephthalate (Bio-PET) market analysis- manufacture, advantages, disadvantages and applications.
        • Table Bio-based Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) producers and production capacities,
      • Polytrimethylene terephthalate (Bio-PTT)
        • Table Polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT) market analysis-manufacture, advantages, disadvantages and applications.
        • Table Production capacities of Polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT), by leading producers.
      • Polyethylene furanoate (Bio-PEF)
        • Table Polyethylene furanoate (PEF) market analysis-manufacture, advantages, disadvantages and applications.
        • Table PEF vs. PET.
        • Table FDCA and PEF producers.
      • Polyamides (Bio-PA)
        • Table Bio-based polyamides (Bio-PA) market analysis - manufacture, advantages, disadvantages and applications.
        • Table Leading Bio-PA producers production capacities.
      • Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (Bio-PBAT)
        • Table Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) market analysis- manufacture, advantages, disadvantages and applications.
        • Table Leading PBAT producers, production capacities and brands.
      • Polybutylene succinate (PBS) and copolymers
        • Table Bio-PBS market analysis-manufacture, advantages, disadvantages and applications.
        • Table Leading PBS producers and production capacities.
      • Polyethylene (Bio-PE)
        • Table Bio-based Polyethylene (Bio-PE) market analysis- manufacture, advantages, disadvantages and applications.
        • Table Leading Bio-PE producers.
      • Polypropylene (Bio-PP)
        • Table Bio-PP market analysis- manufacture, advantages, disadvantages and applications.
        • Table Leading Bio-PP producers and capacities.
    • NATURAL BIO-BASED POLYMERS
      • Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA)
        • Table Types of PHAs and properties.
        • Table Comparison of the physical properties of different PHAs with conventional petroleum-based polymers.
        • Table Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) extraction methods.
        • Table Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) market analysis.
        • Table Commercially available PHAs.
        • Table Markets and applications for PHAs.
        • Table Applications, advantages and disadvantages of PHAs in packaging.
        • Table Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) producers.
      • Polysaccharides
        • Table Microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) market analysis-manufacture, advantages, disadvantages and applications.
        • Table Leading MFC producers and capacities.
        • Table Synthesis methods for cellulose nanocrystals (CNC).
        • Table CNC sources, size and yield.
        • Table CNC properties.
        • Table Mechanical properties of CNC and other reinforcement materials.
        • Table Applications of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC).
        • Table Cellulose nanocrystals analysis.
        • Table Cellulose nanocrystal production capacities and production process, by producer.
        • Table Applications of cellulose nanofibers (CNF).
        • Table Cellulose nanofibers market analysis.
        • Table CNF production capacities (by type, wet or dry) and production process, by producer, metric tonnes.
        • Table Applications of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC).
      • Protein-based bioplastics
        • Table Types of protein based-bioplastics, applications and companies.
      • Algal and fungal
        • Table Types of algal and fungal based-bioplastics, applications and companies.
        • Table Overview of alginate-description, properties, application and market size.
        • Table Companies developing algal-based bioplastics.
        • Table Overview of mycelium fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and applications.
        • Table Companies developing mycelium-based bioplastics.
      • Chitosan
        • Table Overview of chitosan-description, properties, drawbacks and applications.
    • PRODUCTION OF BIOBASED AND BIODEGRADABLE PLASTICS, BY REGION
      • Table Global production capacities of biobased and sustainable plastics in 2019-2033, by region, tons.
      • North America
        • Table Biobased and sustainable plastics producers in North America.
      • Europe
        • Table Biobased and sustainable plastics producers in Europe.
      • Asia-Pacific
        • Table Biobased and sustainable plastics producers in Asia-Pacific.
      • Latin America
        • Table Biobased and sustainable plastics producers in Latin America.
    • MARKET SEGMENTATION OF BIOPLASTICS
      • Packaging
        • Table Processes for bioplastics in packaging.
        • Table Comparison of bioplastics’ (PLA and PHAs) properties to other common polymers used in product packaging.
        • Table Typical applications for bioplastics in flexible packaging.
        • Table Typical applications for bioplastics in rigid packaging.
      • Consumer products
      • Automotive
      • Building & construction
      • Textiles
      • Electronics
      • Agriculture and horticulture
    • NATURAL FIBERS
      • Table Types of next-gen natural fibers.
      • Manufacturing method, matrix materials and applications of natural fibers
        • Table Application, manufacturing method, and matrix materials of natural fibers.
      • Advantages of natural fibers
        • Table Typical properties of natural fibers.
      • Commercially available next-gen natural fiber products
        • Table Commercially available next-gen natural fiber products.
      • Market drivers for next-gen natural fibers
        • Table Market drivers for natural fibers.
      • Challenges
      • Plants (cellulose, lignocellulose)
        • Table Overview of cotton fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and applications.
        • Table Overview of kapok fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and applications.
        • Table Overview of luffa fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and applications.
        • Table Overview of jute fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and applications.
        • Table Overview of hemp fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and applications.
        • Table Overview of flax fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and applications.
        • Table Overview of ramie fibers- description, properties, drawbacks and applications.
        • Table Overview of kenaf fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and applications.
        • Table Overview of sisal leaf fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and applications.
        • Table Overview of abaca fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and applications.
        • Table Overview of coir fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and applications.
        • Table Overview of banana fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and applications.
        • Table Overview of pineapple fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and applications.
        • Table Overview of rice fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and applications.
        • Table Overview of corn fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and applications.
        • Table Overview of switch grass fibers-description, properties and applications.
        • Table Overview of sugarcane fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and application and market size.
        • Table Overview of bamboo fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and applications.
        • Table Overview of mycelium fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and applications.
        • Table Overview of chitosan fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and applications.
        • Table Overview of alginate-description, properties, application and market size.
      • Animal (fibrous protein)
        • Table Overview of wool fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and applications.
        • Table Alternative wool materials producers.
        • Table Overview of silk fibers-description, properties, application and market size.
        • Table Alternative silk materials producers.
        • Table Alternative leather materials producers.
        • Table Next-gen fur producers.
        • Table Alternative down materials producers.
      • MARKETS FOR NATURAL FIBERS
        • Table Applications of natural fiber composites.
        • Table Typical properties of short natural fiber-thermoplastic composites.
        • Table Properties of non-woven natural fiber mat composites.
        • Table Properties of aligned natural fiber composites.
        • Table Properties of natural fiber-bio-based polymer compounds.
        • Table Properties of natural fiber-bio-based polymer non-woven mats.
        • Table Natural fibers in the aerospace sector-market drivers, applications and challenges for NF use.
        • Table Natural fiber-reinforced polymer composite in the automotive market.
        • Table Natural fibers in the aerospace sector- market drivers, applications and challenges for NF use.
        • Table Applications of natural fibers in the automotive industry.
        • Table Natural fibers in the building/construction sector- market drivers, applications and challenges for NF use.
        • Table Applications of natural fibers in the building/construction sector.
        • Table Natural fibers in the sports and leisure sector-market drivers, applications and challenges for NF use.
        • Table Natural fibers in the textiles sector- market drivers, applications and challenges for NF use.
        • Table Natural fibers in the packaging sector-market drivers, applications and challenges for NF use.
      • NATURAL FIBERS GLOBAL PRODUCTION
    • LIGNIN
      • INTRODUCTION
        • Table Technical lignin types and applications.
        • Table Classification of technical lignins.
        • Table Lignin content of selected biomass.
        • Table Properties of lignins and their applications.
        • Table Example markets and applications for lignin.
      • LIGNIN PRODUCTON PROCESSES
        • Table Processes for lignin production.
        • Table Biorefinery feedstocks.
        • Table Comparison of pulping and biorefinery lignins.
        • Table Commercial and pre-commercial biorefinery lignin production facilities and processes
      • MARKETS FOR LIGNIN
        • Table Market drivers and trends for lignin.
        • Table Production capacities of technical lignin producers.
        • Table Production capacities of biorefinery lignin producers.
        • Table Estimated consumption of lignin, 2019-2033 (000 MT).
        • Table Prices of benzene, toluene, xylene and their derivatives.
        • Table Application of lignin in plastics and polymers.
        • Table Lignin-derived anodes in lithium batteries.
        • Table Application of lignin in binders, emulsifiers and dispersants.
    • BIO-BASED MATERIALS, PLASTICS AND POLYMERS COMPANY PROFILES
      • 3M
      • 9Fiber, Inc.
      • ADBioplastics
      • Adriano di Marti/Desserto
      • Advanced Biochemical (Thailand) Co., Ltd.
      • Aeropowder Limited
      • Aemetis, Inc.
      • AGRANA Staerke GmbH
      • Ahlstrom-Munksjö Oyj
      • Algaeing
      • Algix LLC
      • AMSilk GmbH
      • Ananas Anam Ltd.
      • An Phát Bioplastics
      • Anellotech, Inc.
      • Andritz AG
      • Ankor Bioplastics Co., Ltd.
      • Anellotech, Inc.
      • ANPOLY, Inc.
      • Anqing He Xing Chemical Co., Ltd.
      • Applied Bioplastics
      • Aquafil S.p.A.
      • Aquapak Polymers Ltd
      • Archer Daniel Midland Company (ADM)
      • Arctic Biomaterials Oy
      • Arekapak GmbH
      • Arkema S.A
      • Arlanxeo
      • Arrow Greentech
      • Attis Innovations, llc
      • Arzeda Corp.
      • Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corporation
      • Attis Innovations, llc
      • AVA Biochem AG
      • Avantium B.V.
      • Avani Eco
      • Axcelon Biopolymers Corporation
      • Ayas Renewables Inc.
      • Azolla
      • Bambooder Biobased Fibers B.V.
      • BASF SE
      • Bast Fiber Technologies, Inc.
      • BBCA Biochemical & GALACTIC Lactic Acid Co., Ltd.
      • Bcomp ltd.
      • Betulium Oy
      • Beyond Leather Materials ApS
      • Bioextrax AB
      • Bio Fab NZ
      • BIO-FED
      • Biofibre GmbH
      • Biofine Technology, LLC
      • Bio2Materials Sp. z o.o.
      • Biokemik
      • Bioleather
      • BIOLO
      • BioLogiQ, Inc.
      • Biomass Resin Holdings Co., Ltd.
      • Biome Bioplastics
      • BioSolutions
      • BIOTEC GmbH & Co. KG
      • Biofiber Tech Sweden AB
      • BIO-LUTIONS International AG
      • Biophilica
      • Bioplastech Ltd
      • Biotecam
      • Biotrem
      • Bioweg
      • BlockTexx Pty Ltd.
      • Bloom Biorenewables SA
      • BluCon Biotech GmbH
      • Blue BioFuels, Inc.
      • Blue Ocean Closures
      • Bluepha Beijing Lanjing Microbiology Technology Co., Ltd.
      • Bolt Threads
      • Borealis AG
      • Borregaard Chemcell
      • Bosk Bioproducts Inc.
      • Bowil Biotech Sp. z o.o.
      • B-PREG
      • Braskem SA
      • Bucha Bio, Inc.
      • Burgo Group S.p.A.
      • Carbiolice
      • Carbios
      • Carbon Crusher
      • Carbonwave
      • Cardia Bioplastics Ltd.
      • Cardolite
      • CARAPAC Company
      • Cargill
      • Cass Materials Pty Ltd
      • Catalyxx
      • Cathay Industrial Biotech, Ltd.
      • Celanese Corporation
      • Cellicon B.V.
      • Cellucomp Ltd.
      • Cellugy
      • Cellutech AB (Stora Enso)
      • CH-Bioforce Oy
      • Checkerspot, Inc.
      • Chempolis Oy
      • Chongqing Bofei Biochemical Products Co., Ltd.
      • Chuetsu Pulp & Paper Co., Ltd.
      • CIMV
      • Circa Group
      • Circular Systems
      • CJ Biomaterials, Inc.
      • Coastgrass ApS
      • COFCO Cooperation Ltd.
      • Corumat, Inc.
      • Clariant AG
      • CreaFill Fibers Corporation
      • Cristal Union Group
      • Cruz Foam
      • CuanTec Ltd.
      • Daicel Corporation
      • Daicel Polymer Ltd.
      • DaikyoNishikawa Corporation
      • Daio Paper Corporation
      • Daishowa Paper Products Co. Ltd.
      • DAK Americas LLC
      • Danimer Scientific LLC
      • DENSO Corporation
      • Diamond Green Diesel LLC
      • DIC Corporation
      • DIC Products, Inc.
      • DKS Co. Ltd.
      • Domsjö Fabriker AB
      • Domtar Paper Company LLC
      • Dongnam Realize
      • Dongying Hebang Chemical Corp.
      • Dow, Inc.
      • Royal DSM N.V.
      • DuFor Resins B.V.
      • DuPont
      • DuPont Tate & Lyle Bio Products Co., LLC
      • Eastman Chemical Ltd. Corporation
      • Ecopel
      • Ecoshell
      • Ecovia Renewables
      • Ecovative Design LLC
      • EggPlant Srl
      • Ehime Paper Manufacturing Co. Ltd.
      • EMS-Grivory
      • Enerkem, Inc.
      • Enkev
      • Eni S.p.A.
      • Enviral
      • Eranova
      • Esbottle Oy
      • Evolved By Nature
      • Evonik Industries AG
      • Evrnu
      • Fairbrics
      • Faircraft
      • Far Eastern New Century Corporation
      • Fiberlean Technologies
      • Fiberight
      • Fillerbank Limited
      • Fiquetex S.A.S.
      • FKuR Kunststoff GmbH
      • Flocus
      • Floreon
      • Foamplant BV
      • FP Innovations
      • Fraunhofer Center for Chemical-Biotechnological Processes CBP
      • Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research ISC
      • Fraunhofer Institute for Structural Durability and System Reliability LBF
      • Freyzein
      • Fruit Leather Rotterdam
      • Fuji Pigment Co., Ltd.
      • Full Cycle Bioplastics LLC
      • Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd.
      • Futerro
      • Futuramat Sarl
      • Futurity Bio-Ventures Ltd.
      • Galatea Biotech Srl
      • G+E GETEC Holding GmbH
      • Gelatex Technologies OÜ
      • Gen3Bio
      • Genecis Bioindustries, Inc.
      • GeneusBiotech BV
      • Genomatica
      • Global Bioenergies SA
      • Grabio Greentech Corporation
      • Grado Zero Innovation
      • Granbio Technologies
      • Global Bioenergies SA
      • Grupp MAIP
      • GS Alliance Co. Ltd
      • Guangzhou Bio-plus Materials Technology Co., Ltd.
      • Haldor Topsoe A/S
      • Hattori Shoten K.K.
      • Hebei Casda Biomaterials Co., Ltd.
      • Hebei Jiheng Chemical Co., Ltd.
      • Hebei Xinhua Lactic Acid Co.
      • Heilongjiang Chenneng Bioengineering Ltd.
      • Henan Jindan Lactic Acid Technology Co., Ltd.
      • Henan Xinghan Biological Technology Co., Ltd.
      • Hengshui Jinghua Chemical Co., Ltd.
      • Hengli Petrochemical
      • Hexa Chemical Co. Ltd./Nature Gift
      • Hexion Inc
      • Hokuetsu Toyo Fibre Co., Ltd.
      • Honext Material SL
      • Hubei Guangshui National Chemical Co., Ltd.
      • Humintech GmbH
      • Hunan Anhua Lactic Acid Co
      • Icytos
      • India Glycols Ltd.
      • Indochine Bio Plastiques (ICBP) Sdn Bhd
      • Indorama Ventures Public Co. Ltd.
      • Ingevity
      • Inner Mettle
      • Infinited Fiber Company Oy
      • Iogen Corporation
      • Inovyn
      • Inspidere B.V.
      • Ioniqa
      • Itaconix
      • JeNaCell GmbH
      • Jiangsu Anpon Electrochemical Co., Ltd
      • Jiangsu Jinhe Hi-Tech Co., Ltd.
      • Jiangsu Senda Biological Engineering Co., Ltd.
      • Jiangsu Torise Biomaterials Co., Ltd
      • Jiangsu Yangnong Chemical Group Co., Ltd.
      • Jiangsu Zhongzheng Biochemical Co., Ltd.
      • Jilin COFCO Biomaterial Corporation
      • JinHui ZhaoLang High Technology Co., Ltd.
      • Jungbunzlauer Suisse AG
      • Kalion, Inc.
      • Kami Shoji Company
      • Kaneka Corporation
      • Kanteleen Voima
      • Kao Corporation
      • Keel Labs
      • Kelheim Fibres GmbH
      • Kingfa Sci. &Tech. Co. Ltd.
      • Kolon Industries, Inc.
      • Kraig Biocraft Laboratories
      • Klabin S.A.
      • KRI Inc.
      • Kusano Sakko K.K.
      • Kyanite Microorganism
      • LAM’ON
      • Lactips S.A.
        • Table Lactips plastic pellets.
      • LCY Biosciences
      • Lean Orb
      • Lenzing AG
      • LEUNA-Harze GmbH
      • Leaf Resources Ltd.
      • Le Qara
      • LG Chem
      • Lignin Industries
      • Lignolix, Inc.
      • LignoPure GmbH
      • Lignovations GmbH
      • Lingrove, Inc.
      • Lixea Limited
      • Living Ink
      • Locus Fermentation Solutions
      • Loick Biowertstoff GmbH
      • Loliware LLC
      • LOTTE Chemical Corporation
      • LXP Group GmbH
      • Lygos, Inc
      • LyondellBasell Industries Holdings B.V.
      • Made of Air GmbH
      • MakeGrowLab
      • Malai Biomaterials Design Pvt. Ltd. (Malai)
      • Mango Materials, Inc.
      • Marea
      • Marine Innovation Co., Ltd
      • MedPHA Bio-Tech Co., Ltd.
      • Meghmani Finechem Ltd.
      • Marine Nanofiber Co., Ltd.
      • Marusumi Paper Company Limited
      • Masuko Sangyo Co., Ltd.
      • Mehler Engineered Products GmbH
      • Mercurius Biorefining Inc
      • METabolic EXplorer S.A. (METEX)
      • Metgen Oy
      • Mitr Phol
      • Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation
      • Mitsubishi Polyester Film GmbH
      • Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.
      • Mobius
      • Modern Meadow, Inc.
      • Modern Synthesis
      • Mogu S.r.l.
      • Mori Machinery Co., Ltd.
      • Multibax Public Co., Ltd.
      • Mura Technology Limited
      • Musashino Chemical Laboratory, Ltd.
      • MYCL
      • MycoWorks
      • Mylium BV
      • Nabaco, Inc.
      • Nafigate Corporation a.s.
      • Nanollose Ltd
      • Nantong Cellulose Fibers Co., Ltd
      • Nantong Jiuding Biological Engineering Co., Ltd.
      • NatPol
      • Natural Fiber Welding, Inc.
      • Nature Coatings, Inc.
      • NatureWorks LLC
      • NefFa
      • Neste Oyj
      • NewEnergyBlue LLC
      • Newlight Technologies LLC
      • New Zealand Natural Fibers (NZNF)
      • NEXE Innovations Inc.
      • Ningbo Huanyang Chemical Co., Ltd.
      • Ningbo Tianan Biologic Material
      • Nippon Paper Industries
      • Norske Skog AS
      • Northern Technologies International
      • Notpla
      • Nova Kaeru
      • Novamont S.p.A.
      • Novomer
      • Novozymes A/S
      • NUREL S.A.
      • Nuvi Releaf
      • Nxtlevvel
      • Oakbio, Inc.
      • Oimo
      • Oleago
      • Oleon N.V.
      • Oji Paper Company
        • Table Oji Holdings CNF products.
      • Orange Fiber S.r.l.
      • Organic Disposables
      • Origin Materials
      • ORLEN Po³udnie
      • Pangaia Ltd.
      • Paques Biomaterials
      • PHABuilder
      • PHB Industrial S.A.
      • Photanol B.V.
      • Pivot Materials LLC
      • Plafco Fibertech Oy
      • Plantic Technologies Ltd.
      • Plantics B.V.
      • Polaris Renewables LLC
      • Polybion
      • Polyferm
      • Pond Biomaterials
      • Praj Industries Ltd.
      • Prime Polymer Co., Ltd.
      • PRISMA Renewable Composites
      • Provenance Biofabrics, Inc.
      • PT Intera Lestari Polimer
      • PTT MCC Biochem Co., Ltd.
      • Pure Lignin Environmental Technology Ltd.
      • Q-milk GmbH
      • Qnature UG
      • Qorium
      • Radical Plastics
      • Radici Group
      • Rayonier Advanced Materials
      • Red Avenue New Materials Group Co., Ltd.
      • Red Leaf Pulp Ltd.
      • RenCom AB
      • Re:newcell
      • RenFuel
      • Rengo Co., Ltd.
      • Renmatix
      • Relement BV
      • Resolute Forest Products, Inc.
      • Revoltech GmbH
      • RiceHouse srl
      • Ripro Corporation
      • RISE Research Institutes of Sweden AB
      • Risho Kogyo Co. Ltd.
      • Rodenburg Biopolymers B.V.
      • Roquette S.A.
      • RWDC Industries
      • Sainc Energy Limited
      • SaltyCo Textiles
      • Samyang Corporation
      • Saphium Biotechnology GMBH
      • SAPPI Biotech
      • Saudi Basic Industries Corp. (SABIC)
      • ScobyTec GmbH
      • Seawear Ltd.
      • Sebacic Oman SAOC
      • Seiko PMC Corporation
      • Seevix Material Sciences Ltd.
      • Sekab E-Technology AB
      • Sebiplast s.r.l.
      • S-EnPol Co., Ltd.
      • Seiko PMC Corporation
      • Shandong Baisheng Biotechnology Co., Ltd.
      • Shandong Fuwin New Material Co., Ltd.
      • Shandong Landian Biological Technology Co., Ltd.
      • Shandong Minji Chemical Co., Ltd.
      • Shandong Siqiang Chemical Group Co., Ltd.
      • Shanghai Tong-Jie-Liang Biomaterials Co., Ltd.
      • Shanxi Leda Biochemical Co., Ltd.
      • Shanxi Zhengang Chemical Co., Ltd.
      • Sharp Chemical Ind. Co., Ltd.
      • Shenghong Group
      • Shenzhen Ecomann Biotechnology Co., Ltd.
      • Shenzhen Esun Industrial Co., Ltd.
      • Simplifyber, Inc.
      • Sirmax Group
      • SK Chemicals Co., Ltd.
      • Slow Factory Labs
      • Smartfiber AG
      • Solvay SA
      • Soma Bioworks/White Lemur Co.
      • Spectrus Sustainable Solutions Pvt Ltd
      • Spero Renewables
      • Spiber, Inc.
      • Spidey Tek
      • Spinnova Oy
      • Spolchemie
      • Spora Biotech
      • St1 Oy
      • STORA ENSO OYJ
      • Sugino Machine Limited
      • Sulapac Oy
      • Sulzer Chemtech AG
      • Sunar Misir
      • SunCoal Industries GmbH
      • SUPLA Bioplastics
      • Suzano SA
      • Sweetwater Energy
      • TAIF-NK
      • Tandem Repeat
      • Tanin sevnica kemicna industrija
      • TBM Co., Ltd.
      • Teal Bioworks, Inc.
      • TECNARO GmbH
      • TechnipFMC
      • Teijin Ltd
      • enbro Bamboo Company
      • TerraVerdae BioWorks Inc
      • Teysha Technologies Limited
      • thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions AG
      • Tianan Biologic Material Co., Ltd.
      • Tianjin GreenBio Materials Co., Ltd
      • Tianxing Biotechnology Co., Ltd.
      • Tômtex
      • Tongliao Xinghe Biotechnology Co., Ltd.
      • Toray Industries, Inc.
      • TotalEnergies Corbion
      • Toyobo Co., Ltd.
      • Toyota Boshoku Corporation
      • Treemera GmbH
      • TripleW
      • TS Tech Co., Ltd.
      • UBQ Materials
      • Uluu
      • Unitika Ltd.
      • Universal Bio Pack Co., Ltd.
      • UPM Biochemicals
      • UPM Biocomposites
      • UPM-Kymmene Oyj
      • Valmet Oyj
      • VEnvirotech Biotechnology SL
      • Vegatex Biotech
      • Vegea srl
      • Versalis SpA
      • Vertoro
      • ViaeX Technologies
      • Vibers BV
      • Virent Inc.
      • Visolis Inc.
      • VitroLabs Inc
      • von Holzhausen
      • VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd
      • Vynova
      • WeylChem International GmbH
      • Werewool
      • West Fraser Timber Co Ltd.
      • Woodly Ltd.
      • Worn Again Technologies
      • Wuhan Sanjiang Space Good Biotech Co., Ltd.
      • Xampla
      • Xillix GmbH
      • Xinjiang Lanshan Tunhe
      • Xingzhenghe Chemical Co., Ltd.
      • Yield10 Bioscience, Inc.
      • Zelfo Technology
      • Zhangjiagang Glory Chemical Industry Co., Ltd
      • Zhejiang Hangzhou Xinfu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
      • Zhejiang Hisun Biomaterials Co., Ltd.
      • Zhejiang Youcheng New Materials Co., Ltd
      • Zvnder
      • Yokogawa Electric Corporation
      • Yoshikawakuni Plastics Industries Co., Ltd.
  • BIO-BASED FUELS
    • BIO-FUELS
      • The biofuels market
      • Types
        • Table Categories and examples of solid biofuel.
        • Table Comparison of biofuels and e-fuels to fossil and electricity.
      • Feedstocks
        • Table Biorefinery feedstocks.
        • Table Feedstock conversion pathways.
        • Table First-Generation Feedstocks.
        • Table Lignocellulosic ethanol plants and capacities.
        • Table Comparison of pulping and biorefinery lignins.
        • Table Commercial and pre-commercial biorefinery lignin production facilities and processes
        • Table Operating and planned lignocellulosic biorefineries and industrial flue gas-to-ethanol.
        • Table Properties of microalgae and macroalgae.
        • Table Yield of algae and other biodiesel crops.
        • Table Advantages and disadvantages of biofuels, by generation.
      • Bioethanol
      • Bio-jet (bio-aviation) fuels
        • Table Advantages and disadvantages of biojet fuel
        • Table Production pathways for bio-jet fuel.
        • Table Current and announced biojet fuel facilities and capacities.
      • Biomass-based diesel
        • Table Biodiesel production techniques.
        • Table Biodiesel by generation.
      • Syngas
      • Biogas and biomethane
        • Table Biogas feedstocks.
      • Biobutanol
    • ELECTROFUELS (E-FUELS)
      • Introduction
        • Table Applications of e-fuels, by type.
        • Table Overview of e-fuels.
        • Table Benefits of e-fuels.
      • Feedstocks
      • Production
      • Electrolysers
        • Table Main characteristics of different electrolyzer technologies.
      • Direct Air Capture (DAC)
        • Table Advantages and disadvantages of DAC.
        • Table DAC companies and technologies.
        • Table Markets for DAC.
        • Table Cost estimates of DAC.
        • Table Challenges for DAC technology.
        • Table DAC technology developers and production.
      • Costs
      • Market challenges
        • Table Market challenges for e-fuels.
      • Companies
        • Table E-fuels companies.
    • GREEN AMMONIA
      • Production
        • Table Green ammonia projects (current and planned).
      • Green ammonia synthesis methods
      • Blue ammonia
        • Table Blue ammonia projects.
      • Markets and applications
        • Table Ammonia fuel cell technologies.
        • Table Market overview of green ammonia in marine fuel.
        • Table Summary of marine alternative fuels.
      • Costs
        • Table Estimated costs for different types of ammonia.
      • Estimated market demand
      • Companies and projects
        • Table Main players in green ammonia.
    • BIO-BASED FUELS COMPANY PROFILES
      • Aemetis, Inc.
      • Alpha Biofuels (Singapore) Pte Ltd
      • Andritz AG
      • Applied Research Associates, Inc. (ARA)
      • ASB Biodiesel Limited
      • Atmonia
      • Avantium B.V.
      • BBCA Biochemical & GALACTIC Lactic Acid Co., Ltd.
      • BDI-BioEnergy International GmbH
      • Benefuel Inc.
      • Bio2Oil ApS
      • BIOD Energy
      • Biofy
      • Biofine Technology, LLC
      • Biojet AS
      • Bloom Biorenewables SA
      • Blue BioFuels, Inc.
      • Brightmark Energy
      • BTG Bioliquids B.V.
      • Byogy Renewables, Inc.
      • Caphenia GmbH
      • Carbon Collect Limited
      • Carbon Engineering Ltd.
      • Carbon Recycling International
      • Carbyon BV
      • Cargill
      • Celtic Renewables Ltd.
      • CF Industries Holdings, Inc.
      • Chitose Bio Evolution Pte Ltd.
      • Circla Nordic
      • Climeworks
      • Crimson Renewable Energy LLC
      • C-Zero Inc.
      • Diamond Green Diesel LLC
      • Domsjö Fabriker AB
      • Royal DSM N.V
      • DuPont
      • Emerging Fuels Technology (EFT)
      • Enerkem
      • Eneus Energy
      • Eni S.p.A.
      • Ensyn Corporation
      • Euglena Co., Ltd.
      • Forge Hydrocarbons Corporation
      • FuelPositive Corp.
      • Fulcrum BioEnergy, Inc.
      • GenCell Energy
      • Genecis Bioindustries, Inc.
      • Gevo, Inc
      • Granbio Technologies
        • Table Granbio Nanocellulose Processes.
      • Green Earth Institute
      • Green Fuel
      • Haldor Topsoe A/S
      • Handerek Technologies
      • Hero BX
      • Oy Hydrocell Ltd.
      • Infinitree LLC
      • Infinium
      • Innoltek
      • Jilin COFCO Biomaterial Corporation
      • Jupiter Ionics Pty Ltd
      • Kanteleen Voima
      • LanzaTech
      • Lectrolyst LLC
      • Licella
      • Liquid Wind
      • LXP Group GmbH
      • Manta Biofuel, LLC
      • Mash Energy ApS
      • Mercurius Biorefining Inc
      • MOFWORX
      • Mote, Inc.
      • NeoZeo AB
      • Neste
      • NewEnergyBlue LLC
      • Nexus Fuels, LLC
      • Nordic ElectroFuel
      • Norsk e-Fuel AS
      • Nova Pangaea Technologies (UK) Ltd.
      • Novozymes A/S
      • Opus 12, Inc.
      • ORLEN Po³udnie
      • Photanol B.V.
      • Praj Industries Ltd.
      • Prometheus Fuels, Inc.
      • Proton Power, Inc.
      • Pure Lignin Environmental Technology
      • Qairos Energies
      • RenFuel
      • Renmatix
      • Resynergi, Inc.
      • RISE Research Institutes of Sweden AB
      • Sainc Energy Limited
      • SBI BioEnergy Inc.
      • Sekab E-Technology AB
      • Silva Green Fuel
      • SkyNRG
      • Skytree BV
      • St1 Oy
      • Steeper Energy Aps
      • SunCoal Industries GmbH
      • Sundrop Fuels, Inc.
      • Sunho Biodiesel Corporation
      • Sunfire GmbH
      • Synhelion
      • UPM Biofuels
      • Velocys
      • VERBIO Vereinigte BioEnergie AG
      • Vertimass LLC
      • Vertoro
      • Vertus Energy Ltd.
      • Virent Inc.
      • Viridos
      • WasteFuel
  • BIO-BASED PAINTS AND COATINGS
    • The global paints and coatings market
    • Bio-based paints and coatings
    • Challenges using bio-based paints and coatings
    • Types of bio-based coatings and materials
      • Alkyd coatings
        • Table Types of alkyd resins and properties.
        • Table Market summary for biobased alkyd coatings-raw materials, advantages, disadvantages, applications and producers.
        • Table Biobased alkyd coating products.
      • Polyurethane coatings
        • Table Types of polyols.
        • Table Polyol producers.
        • Table Biobased polyurethane coating products.
      • Epoxy coatings
        • Table Market summary for biobased epoxy resins.
        • Table Biobased polyurethane coating products.
      • Acrylate resins
        • Table Biobased acrylate resin products.
      • Polylactic acid (Bio-PLA)
        • Table Polylactic acid (PLA) market analysis.
        • Table PLA producers and production capacities.
      • Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA)
        • Table Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) market analysis.
        • Table Types of PHAs and properties.
        • Table Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) producers.
        • Table Commercially available PHAs.
      • Cellulose
        • Table Properties of micro/nanocellulose, by type.
        • Table Types of nanocellulose.
        • Table MFC production capacities (by type, wet or dry) and production process, by producer, metric tonnes.
        • Table Market overview for cellulose nanofibers in paints and coatings.
        • Table Companies developing cellulose nanofibers products in paints and coatings.
        • Table CNC properties.
        • Table Cellulose nanocrystal capacities (by type, wet or dry) and production process, by producer, metric tonnes.
      • Rosins
      • Biobased carbon black
      • Lignin
      • Edible coatings
        • Table Edible coatings market summary.
      • Protein-based biomaterials for coatings
        • Table Types of protein based-biomaterials, applications and companies.
      • Alginate
        • Table Overview of alginate-description, properties, application and market size.
    • Market for bio-based paints and coatings
      • Global market revenues to 2033, total
        • Table Global market revenues for biobased paints and coatings, 2018-2033 (billions USD).
      • Global market revenues to 2033, by market
        • Table Market revenues for biobased paints and coatings, 2018-2033(billions USD), conservative estimate.
        • Table Market revenues for biobased paints and coatings, 2018-2033 (billions USD), high estimate.
    • BIO-BASED PAINTS AND COATINGS COMPANY PROFILES
      • Advanced Biochemical (Thailand) Co., Ltd (ABT)
      • Aekyung Chemical Co., Ltd.
      • Akzo Nobel N.V.
      • Alberdingk Boley GmbH
      • allnex GmbH
      • Alfa Kimya S.A.
      • Altropol Kunststoff GmbH
      • AMSilk GmbH
      • Amyris, Inc.
      • Apeel Sciences
      • Applied Graphene Materials
      • Aquapak Polymers Ltd
      • Archroma
      • Arkema S.A.
      • AVA Biochem AG
      • Avantium B.V.
      • Baril Coatings B.V.
      • BASF SE
      • Biome Bioplastics
      • Borregaard Chemcell
      • Brightplus Oy
      • BYK-Chemie GmbH
      • Cargill Corporation
      • Celanese Corporation
      • Cellicon B.V.
      • Cellucomp Ltd.
      • Celluforce, Inc.
      • Cellugy
      • Chemical Process Services Ltd. (Bitrez)
      • Chemol Company (Seydel)
      • Clariant AG
      • Corbion N.V.
      • Cortec Corporation
      • Covestro AG
      • Cosun Beet Company
      • Croda International plc
      • Daily Polymer
      • Danimer Scientific
      • DKS Co. Ltd.
      • Domsjö Fabriker AB
      • Dow Chemical Company
      • DuPont Tate & Lyle, LLC
      • Eastman Chemical Company
      • Ecoat S.A.S
      • Eco Safety Products
      • EcoSynthetix, Inc.
      • Elementis plc
      • Elevance Renewable Sciences, Inc.
      • Emery Oleochemicals LLC
      • Essential Polymers
      • Esbottle Oy
      • Ethox Chemicals LLC
      • Evonik Industries AG
      • Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research ISC
      • Futurity Bio-Ventures Ltd.
      • Gen Corporation
      • GEON Performance Solutions
      • GFBiochemicals
      • Green Lizard Technologies Ltd
      • Hokuetsu Toyo Fibre Co., Ltd.
      • Holmen Iggesund
      • Imerys S.A.
      • India Glycol
      • Ingevity
      • Itaconix
      • IUV Srl
      • JRS Rettenmaier & Sohne GmbH
      • Kane Biotech, Inc.
      • KH Neochem
      • Kraton Corporation
      • Labema® Laboratories
      • Lanxess AG
      • Living Ink Technologies
      • LEUNA-Harze GmbH
      • Lixea
      • LOTTE Chemical Corporation
      • The Lubrizol Corporation
      • Marusumi Paper Company Limited
      • Melodea Ltd.
      • Michelman
      • Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation
      • Mitsui Chemicals, inc.
      • Mondi
      • mori
      • Nabaco, Inc.
      • Natural Fiber Welding, INc.
      • Nature Coatings, Inc.
      • NatureWorks
      • Nippon Paper Industries
      • Novamont S.p.A.
      • Nxtlevvel
      • Oji Paper COmpany
        • Table Oji Holdings CNF products.
      • Omya
      • Orineo
      • OrganoClick AB
      • Osaka Gas Group
      • Perstorp AB
      • Polaris Renewables LLC
      • Polyferm
      • PPG
      • PTT MCC Biochem Co., Ltd.
      • RAW Paints
      • Relement BV
      • Rengo Co., Ltd.
      • Roquette S.A.
      • RWDC Industries
      • Sappi
      • Seevix Material Sciences Ltd.
      • S-EnPol Co., Ltd.
      • Sharp Chemical Ind. Co., Ltd.
      • Shenzhen Ecomann Biotechnology Co., Ltd.
      • SICOMIN Epoxy Systems
      • Solvay SA
      • Spidey Tek
      • Spolchemie
      • Starlite Co., Ltd.
      • Stora Enso Oyj
      • Sufresca
      • Sulapac Oy
      • Sun Chemical Corporation
      • Sugino Machine Limited
      • Synthopol Chemie
      • Take Cite Co., Ltd.
      • Vencorex® Chemicals
      • VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd
      • Wacker Chemie AG
      • Wanhua Chemical Group Co., Ltd.
      • WeylChem International GmbH
      • Worlée-Chemie GmbH
      • Zolpan SAS
  • REFERENCES

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