CO2 Emissions Life Cycle in the Hydrogen ICE Truck Sector, EU, 2024–2040

n this study, Frost & Sullivan offers a comprehensive exploration of the carbon dioxide (CO2) trail of a hydrogen ICE truck (H2 ICE) by investigating the carbon emission implications, focusing on hydrogen as a prospective fuel for the trucking industry in 3 countries within the European Union—France, Germany, and Spain. The analysis begins with the rationale for considering hydrogen, highlighting its potential to mitigate life cycle emissions in comparison to conventional fuels.

Frost & Sullivan delves into various hydrogen production methods, ranging from gray hydrogen to renewable sources, each carrying distinct carbon footprints. The emphasis is on the CO2 emissions associated with manufacturing H2 ICE vehicles, pinpointing significant contributions from components such as H2 engines and hydrogen storage tanks. Furthermore, the study projects total CO2 emissions throughout truck operations, drawing comparative insights with its battery electric, fuel cell electric truck, and diesel truck counterparts.

The study underscores the urgency of transitioning to cleaner hydrogen production methods and optimizing vehicle manufacturing to achieve substantial CO2 emission reductions in the trucking sector.

The study period is from 2023 to 2030.


  • Transformation
    • Why is it Increasingly Difficult to Grow?
    • The Strategic Imperative 8
    • The Impact of the Top 3 Strategic Imperatives on the CO2 Emissions Life Cycle in the Hydrogen ICE (H2 ICE) Truck Industry
  • Growth Environment: H2 Ecosystem
    • H2 is the Fuel of the Future
    • Life Cycle CO2 Flow of an H2 ICE Truck
    • Different Methods of Producing H2
    • Key Fuel Characteristics’ Comparison
    • Key Engine Parameters’ Comparison
    • H2 ICE Fuel Injection Methods
  • Scope and Segmentation
    • Research Scope
    • Powertrain Technology Segmentation
  • Growth Generator
    • Growth Drivers
    • Growth Restraints
  • CO2 Emissions Trail During Hydrogen Production
    • Analysis of Major H2 Production Methods
    • Key Factors Impacting H2 Production Pathway Adoption— Announced Clean H2 Capacities and Consumption
    • Key Factors Impacting H2 Production Pathway Adoption—European Hydrogen Backbone (EHB) and Key Corridors
    • Adoption Forecast of H2 Production—Spain
    • Adoption Forecast of H2 Production—France
    • Adoption Forecast of H2 Production—Germany
    • CO2 Emissions Trail from H2 Production
  • CO2 Emissions Trail During H2 ICE Truck Manufacturing
    • Key Components of an H2 ICE Truck
    • Vehicle Architecture Comparison—Diesel Versus H2 ICE
    • Weight-wise Split of Major Components in an H2 ICE Truck
    • CO2 Emissions Trail—Manufacturing an H2 ICE Truck
  • CO2 Emissions Trail During H2 ICE Operations: MDTs
    • MDT Use Case Characteristics and Forecast Assumptions
    • MDT Cycles A and H—H2 Consumption and CO2 Emissions
    • MDT Cycles A to H—kgCO2 per Mile
  • CO2 Emissions Trail During H2 ICE Operations: HDTs
    • HDT Use Case Characteristics and Forecast Assumptions
    • HDT—Cycle A, Spark Ignition (SI)
    • HDT—Cycle A, High-pressure Direct Injection
    • HDT—Cycle H, Spark Ignition (SI)
    • HDT—Cycle H, High-pressure Direct Injection
    • HDT Cycles A to H—kgCO2 Per Km
  • CO2 Emissions Trail Comparison Among ICE Vehicles, BEVs, FCEVs, and H2 ICEs
    • MDT—ICE, BEV, FCEV, and H2 ICE Comparison (Cycles A and H)
    • HDT—ICE, BEV, FCEV, and H2 ICE Comparison (Cycles A and H)
  • Key Takeaways
    • Top 3 Takeaways
  • Growth Opportunity Universe
    • Growth Opportunity 1: CO2 Emissions Tracking
    • Growth Opportunity 2: Alternative Low-emission Technology
    • Growth Opportunity 3: Hydrogen Infrastructure Expansion
  • Appendix & Next Steps
    • Benefits and Impacts of Growth Opportunities
    • Next Steps

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