Global Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Competitive Landscape Professional Research Report 2025

Best Price Guarantee	Length	Publisher	Published Date	SKU
from $3,500	170 Pages	DIResearch	January, 2025	DIR19556130

Best Price Guarantee
Price	from $3,500
Length	170 Pages
Publisher	DIResearch
Published Date	January, 2025
SKU	DIR19556130

Research Summary

Used cooking oil (UCO) refers to oil that has been previously used for frying, sautéing, or other cooking processes and is no longer fit for reuse in food preparation. Over time, the oil degrades due to exposure to heat, moisture, and food particles, resulting in changes to its chemical composition and flavor. UCO is typically disposed of, but it has gained increasing value for recycling purposes. It can be processed into biodiesel, a renewable energy source, or utilized in industrial applications such as animal feed or soap production. Proper disposal and recycling of UCO help reduce environmental impact, prevent clogging of sewer systems, and contribute to sustainable energy solutions.

According to DIResearch's in-depth investigation and research, the global Used Cooking Oil (UCO) market size was valued at XX Million USD in 2024 and is projected to reach XX Million USD by 2032, with a CAGR of XX% (2025-2032). Notably, the China market has changed rapidly in the past few years. By 2024, China's market size is expected to be XX Million USD, representing approximately XX% of the global market share. By 2032, it is anticipated to grow further to XX Million USD, contributing XX% to the worldwide market share.

The major global manufacturers of Used Cooking Oil (UCO) include Olleco, Brocklesby Ltd, Greenergy, Harvest Energy, Uptown Biodiesel, Argent Energy, Baker Commodities, Biomotive Fuel Ltd, Darling Ingredients, Devon Biofuels, Dorset Bio Solutions, Harvest Energy, Jinzhou Chenjia Oils Co Ltd, Lywood Consulting, Nidera, The Netherlands, Organic Drive, Proper Oils, Protelux, Luxembourg, Valley Proteins Inc, Vegetable Oil Management Ltd, Waste Oil Recyclers etc. The global players competition landscape in this report is divided into three tiers. The first tier comprises global leading enterprises that command a substantial market share, hold a dominant industry position, possess strong competitiveness and influence, and generate significant revenue. The second tier includes companies with a notable market presence and reputation; these firms actively follow industry leaders in product, service, or technological innovation and maintain a moderate revenue scale. The third tier consists of smaller companies with limited market share and lower brand recognition, primarily focused on local markets and generating comparatively lower revenue.

This report studies the market size, price trends and future development prospects of Used Cooking Oil (UCO). Focus on analysing the market share, product portfolio, prices, sales, revenue and gross profit margin of global major manufacturers, as well as the market status and trends of different product types and applications in the global Used Cooking Oil (UCO) market. The report data covers historical data from 2020 to 2024, based year in 2025 and forecast data from 2026 to 2032.

The regions and countries in the report include North America, Europe, China, APAC (excl. China), Latin America and Middle East and Africa, covering the Used Cooking Oil (UCO) market conditions and future development trends of key regions and countries, combined with industry-related policies and the latest technological developments, analyze the development characteristics of Used Cooking Oil (UCO) industries in various regions and countries, help companies understand the development characteristics of each region, help companies formulate business strategies, and achieve the ultimate goal of the company's global development strategy.

The data sources of this report mainly include the National Bureau of Statistics, customs databases, industry associations, corporate financial reports, third-party databases, etc. Among them, macroeconomic data mainly comes from the National Bureau of Statistics, International Economic Research Organization; industry statistical data mainly come from industry associations; company data mainly comes from interviews, public information collection, third-party reliable databases, and price data mainly comes from various markets monitoring database.

Global Key Manufacturers of Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Include:

Olleco

Brocklesby Ltd

Greenergy

Harvest Energy

Uptown Biodiesel

Argent Energy

Baker Commodities

Biomotive Fuel Ltd

Darling Ingredients

Devon Biofuels

Dorset Bio Solutions

Harvest Energy

Jinzhou Chenjia Oils Co Ltd

Lywood Consulting

Nidera, The Netherlands

Organic Drive

Proper Oils

Protelux, Luxembourg

Valley Proteins Inc

Vegetable Oil Management Ltd

Waste Oil Recyclers

Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Product Segment Include:

Vegetable Oil

Animal Oil

Processed Oil

Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Product Application Include:

Biodiesel

Cooking Oi

Oleo-chemicals

Others

Chapter Scope

Chapter 1: Product Research Range, Product Types and Applications, Market Overview, Market Situation and Trends

Chapter 2: Global Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Industry PESTEL Analysis

Chapter 3: Global Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Industry Porter’s Five Forces Analysis

Chapter 4: Global Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Major Regional Market Size (Revenue, Sales, Price) and Forecast Analysis

Chapter 5: Global Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Market Size and Forecast by Type and Application Analysis

Chapter 6: North America Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Competitive Analysis (Market Size, Key Players and Market Share, Product Type and Application Segment Analysis, Countries Analysis)

Chapter 7: Europe Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Competitive Analysis (Market Size, Key Players and Market Share, Product Type and Application Segment Analysis, Countries Analysis)

Chapter 8: China Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Competitive Analysis (Market Size, Key Players and Market Share, Product Type and Application Segment Analysis, Countries Analysis)

Chapter 9: APAC (Excl. China) Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Competitive Analysis (Market Size, Key Players and Market Share, Product Type and Application Segment Analysis, Countries Analysis)

Chapter 10: Latin America Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Competitive Analysis (Market Size, Key Players and Market Share, Product Type and Application Segment Analysis, Countries Analysis)

Chapter 11: Middle East and Africa Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Competitive Analysis (Market Size, Key Players and Market Share, Product Type and Application Segment Analysis, Countries Analysis)

Chapter 12: Global Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Competitive Analysis of Key Manufacturers (Sales, Revenue, Market Share, Price, Regional Distribution and Industry Concentration)

Chapter 13: Key Company Profiles (Product Portfolio, Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin)

Chapter 14: Industrial Chain Analysis, Include Raw Material Suppliers, Distributors and Customers

Chapter 15: Research Findings and Conclusion

Chapter 16: Methodology and Data Sources

1 Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Market Overview: 1.1 Product Definition and Statistical Scope; 1.2 Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Product by Type; 1.2.1 Vegetable Oil; 1.2.2 Animal Oil; 1.2.3 Processed Oil; 1.3 Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Product by Application; 1.3.1 Biodiesel; 1.3.2 Cooking Oi; 1.3.3 Oleo-chemicals; 1.3.4 Others; 1.4 Global Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Market Revenue and Sales Analysis; 1.4.1 Global Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Revenue Market Size Analysis (2020-2032); 1.4.2 Global Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Sales Market Size Analysis (2020-2032); 1.4.3 Global Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Market Sales Price Trend Analysis (2020-2032); 1.5 Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Industry Trends and Innovation; 1.5.1 Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Industry Trends and Innovation; 1.5.2 Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Market Drivers and Challenges
2 Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Market PESTEL Analysis: 2.1 Political Factors Analysis; 2.2 Economic Factors Analysis; 2.3 Social Factors Analysis; 2.4 Technological Factors Analysis; 2.5 Environmental Factors Analysis; 2.6 Legal Factors Analysis
3 Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Market Porter's Five Forces Analysis: 3.1 Competitive Rivalry; 3.2 Threat of New Entrants; 3.3 Bargaining Power of Suppliers; 3.4 Bargaining Power of Buyers; 3.5 Threat of Substitutes
4 Global Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Market Analysis by Regions: 4.1 Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Overall Market: 2024 VS 2025 VS 2032; 4.2 Global Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Revenue and Forecast Analysis (2020-2032); 4.2.1 Global Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Revenue and Market Share by Region (2020-2025); 4.2.2 Global Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Revenue and Market Share Forecast by Region (2026-2032); 4.3 Global Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Sales and Forecast Analysis (2020-2032); 4.3.1 Global Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Sales and Market Share by Region (2020-2025); 4.3.2 Global Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Sales and Market Share Forecast by Region (2026-2032); 4.4 Global Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Sales Price Trend Analysis (2020-2032)
5 Global Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Market Size by Type and Application: 5.1 Global Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Market Size by Type; 5.1.1 Global Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Revenue and Forecast Analysis by Type (2020-2032); 5.1.2 Global Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Sales and Forecast Analysis by Type (2020-2032); 5.2 Global Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Market Size by Application; 5.2.1 Global Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Revenue and Forecast Analysis by Application (2020-2032); 5.2.2 Global Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Sales and Forecast Analysis by Application (2020-2032)
6 North America: 6.1 North America Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Market Size and Growth Rate Analysis (2020-2032); 6.2 North America Key Manufacturers Analysis; 6.3 North America Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Market Size by Type; 6.3.1 North America Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Sales by Type (2020-2032); 6.3.2 North America Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Revenue by Type (2020-2032); 6.4 North America Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Market Size by Application; 6.4.1 North America Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Sales by Application (2020-2032); 6.4.2 North America Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Revenue by Application (2020-2032); 6.5 North America Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Market Size by Country; 6.5.1 US; 6.5.2 Canada
7 Europe: 7.1 Europe Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Market Size and Growth Rate Analysis (2020-2032); 7.2 Europe Key Manufacturers Analysis; 7.3 Europe Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Market Size by Type; 7.3.1 Europe Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Sales by Type (2020-2032); 7.3.2 Europe Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Revenue by Type (2020-2032); 7.4 Europe Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Market Size by Application; 7.4.1 Europe Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Sales by Application (2020-2032); 7.4.2 Europe Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Revenue by Application (2020-2032); 7.5 Europe Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Market Size by Country; 7.5.1 Germany; 7.5.2 France; 7.5.3 United Kingdom; 7.5.4 Italy; 7.5.5 Spain; 7.5.6 Benelux
8 China: 8.1 China Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Market Size and Growth Rate Analysis (2020-2032); 8.2 China Key Manufacturers Analysis; 8.3 China Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Market Size by Type; 8.3.1 China Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Sales by Type (2020-2032); 8.3.2 China Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Revenue by Type (2020-2032); 8.4 China Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Market Size by Application; 8.4.1 China Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Sales by Application (2020-2032); 8.4.2 China Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Revenue by Application (2020-2032)
9 APAC (excl. China): 9.1 APAC (excl. China) Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Market Size and Growth Rate Analysis (2020-2032); 9.2 APAC (excl. China) Key Manufacturers Analysis; 9.3 APAC (excl. China) Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Market Size by Type; 9.3.1 APAC (excl. China) Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Sales by Type (2020-2032); 9.3.2 APAC (excl. China) Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Revenue by Type (2020-2032); 9.4 APAC (excl. China) Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Market Size by Application; 9.4.1 APAC (excl. China) Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Sales by Application (2020-2032); 9.4.2 APAC (excl. China) Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Revenue by Application (2020-2032); 9.5 APAC (excl. China) Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Market Size by Country; 9.5.1 Japan; 9.5.2 South Korea; 9.5.3 India; 9.5.4 Australia; 9.5.5 Southeast Asia
10 Latin America: 10.1 Latin America Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Market Size and Growth Rate Analysis (2020-2032); 10.2 Latin America Key Manufacturers Analysis; 10.3 Latin America Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Market Size by Type; 10.3.1 Latin America Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Sales by Type (2020-2032); 10.3.2 Latin America Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Revenue by Type (2020-2032); 10.4 Latin America Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Market Size by Application; 10.4.1 Latin America Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Sales by Application (2020-2032); 10.4.2 Latin America Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Revenue by Application (2020-2032); 10.5 Latin America Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Market Size by Country; 10.6 Latin America Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Market Size by Country; 10.6.1 Mexico; 10.6.2 Brazil
11 Middle East & Africa: 11.1 Middle East & Africa Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Market Size and Growth Rate Analysis (2020-2032); 11.2 Middle East & Africa Key Manufacturers Analysis; 11.3 Middle East & Africa Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Market Size by Type; 11.3.1 Middle East & Africa Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Sales by Type (2020-2032); 11.3.2 Middle East & Africa Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Revenue by Type (2020-2032); 11.4 Middle East & Africa Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Market Size by Application; 11.4.1 Middle East & Africa Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Sales by Application (2020-2032); 11.4.2 Middle East & Africa Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Revenue by Application (2020-2032); 11.5 Middle East Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Market Size by Country; 11.5.1 Saudi Arabia; 11.5.2 South Africa
12 Competition by Manufacturers: 12.1 Global Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Market Sales, Revenue and Price by Key Manufacturers (2021-2025); 12.1.1 Global Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Market Sales by Key Manufacturers (2021-2025); 12.1.2 Global Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Market Revenue by Key Manufacturers (2021-2025); 12.1.3 Global Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Average Sales Price by Manufacturers (2021-2025); 12.2 Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Competitive Landscape Analysis and Market Dynamic; 12.2.1 Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Competitive Landscape Analysis; 12.2.2 Global Key Manufacturers Headquarter Location and Key Area Sales; 12.2.3 Market Dynamic
13 Key Companies Analysis: 13.1 Olleco; 13.1.1 Olleco Basic Company Profile (Employees, Areas Service, Competitors and Contact Information); 13.1.2 Olleco Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Product Portfolio; 13.1.3 Olleco Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Market Data Analysis (Revenue, Sales, Price, Gross Margin and Market Share) (2021-2025); 13.2 Brocklesby Ltd; 13.2.1 Brocklesby Ltd Basic Company Profile (Employees, Areas Service, Competitors and Contact Information); 13.2.2 Brocklesby Ltd Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Product Portfolio; 13.2.3 Brocklesby Ltd Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Market Data Analysis (Revenue, Sales, Price, Gross Margin and Market Share) (2021-2025); 13.3 Greenergy; 13.3.1 Greenergy Basic Company Profile (Employees, Areas Service, Competitors and Contact Information); 13.3.2 Greenergy Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Product Portfolio; 13.3.3 Greenergy Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Market Data Analysis (Revenue, Sales, Price, Gross Margin and Market Share) (2021-2025); 13.4 Harvest Energy; 13.4.1 Harvest Energy Basic Company Profile (Employees, Areas Service, Competitors and Contact Information); 13.4.2 Harvest Energy Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Product Portfolio; 13.4.3 Harvest Energy Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Market Data Analysis (Revenue, Sales, Price, Gross Margin and Market Share) (2021-2025); 13.5 Uptown Biodiesel; 13.5.1 Uptown Biodiesel Basic Company Profile (Employees, Areas Service, Competitors and Contact Information); 13.5.2 Uptown Biodiesel Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Product Portfolio; 13.5.3 Uptown Biodiesel Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Market Data Analysis (Revenue, Sales, Price, Gross Margin and Market Share) (2021-2025); 13.6 Argent Energy; 13.6.1 Argent Energy Basic Company Profile (Employees, Areas Service, Competitors and Contact Information); 13.6.2 Argent Energy Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Product Portfolio; 13.6.3 Argent Energy Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Market Data Analysis (Revenue, Sales, Price, Gross Margin and Market Share) (2021-2025); 13.7 Baker Commodities; 13.7.1 Baker Commodities Basic Company Profile (Employees, Areas Service, Competitors and Contact Information); 13.7.2 Baker Commodities Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Product Portfolio; 13.7.3 Baker Commodities Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Market Data Analysis (Revenue, Sales, Price, Gross Margin and Market Share) (2021-2025); 13.8 Biomotive Fuel Ltd; 13.8.1 Biomotive Fuel Ltd Basic Company Profile (Employees, Areas Service, Competitors and Contact Information); 13.8.2 Biomotive Fuel Ltd Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Product Portfolio; 13.8.3 Biomotive Fuel Ltd Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Market Data Analysis (Revenue, Sales, Price, Gross Margin and Market Share) (2021-2025); 13.9 Darling Ingredients; 13.9.1 Darling Ingredients Basic Company Profile (Employees, Areas Service, Competitors and Contact Information); 13.9.2 Darling Ingredients Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Product Portfolio; 13.9.3 Darling Ingredients Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Market Data Analysis (Revenue, Sales, Price, Gross Margin and Market Share) (2021-2025); 13.10 Devon Biofuels; 13.10.1 Devon Biofuels Basic Company Profile (Employees, Areas Service, Competitors and Contact Information); 13.10.2 Devon Biofuels Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Product Portfolio; 13.10.3 Devon Biofuels Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Market Data Analysis (Revenue, Sales, Price, Gross Margin and Market Share) (2021-2025); 13.11 Dorset Bio Solutions; 13.11.1 Dorset Bio Solutions Basic Company Profile (Employees, Areas Service, Competitors and Contact Information); 13.11.2 Dorset Bio Solutions Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Product Portfolio; 13.11.3 Dorset Bio Solutions Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Market Data Analysis (Revenue, Sales, Price, Gross Margin and Market Share) (2021-2025); 13.12 Harvest Energy; 13.12.1 Harvest Energy Basic Company Profile (Employees, Areas Service, Competitors and Contact Information); 13.12.2 Harvest Energy Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Product Portfolio; 13.12.3 Harvest Energy Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Market Data Analysis (Revenue, Sales, Price, Gross Margin and Market Share) (2021-2025); 13.13 Jinzhou Chenjia Oils Co Ltd; 13.13.1 Jinzhou Chenjia Oils Co Ltd Basic Company Profile (Employees, Areas Service, Competitors and Contact Information); 13.13.2 Jinzhou Chenjia Oils Co Ltd Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Product Portfolio; 13.13.3 Jinzhou Chenjia Oils Co Ltd Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Market Data Analysis (Revenue, Sales, Price, Gross Margin and Market Share) (2021-2025); 13.14 Lywood Consulting; 13.14.1 Lywood Consulting Basic Company Profile (Employees, Areas Service, Competitors and Contact Information); 13.14.2 Lywood Consulting Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Product Portfolio; 13.14.3 Lywood Consulting Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Market Data Analysis (Revenue, Sales, Price, Gross Margin and Market Share) (2021-2025); 13.15 Nidera, The Netherlands; 13.15.1 Nidera, The Netherlands Basic Company Profile (Employees, Areas Service, Competitors and Contact Information); 13.15.2 Nidera, The Netherlands Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Product Portfolio; 13.15.3 Nidera, The Netherlands Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Market Data Analysis (Revenue, Sales, Price, Gross Margin and Market Share) (2021-2025); 13.16 Organic Drive; 13.16.1 Organic Drive Basic Company Profile (Employees, Areas Service, Competitors and Contact Information); 13.16.2 Organic Drive Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Product Portfolio; 13.16.3 Organic Drive Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Market Data Analysis (Revenue, Sales, Price, Gross Margin and Market Share) (2021-2025); 13.17 Proper Oils; 13.17.1 Proper Oils Basic Company Profile (Employees, Areas Service, Competitors and Contact Information); 13.17.2 Proper Oils Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Product Portfolio; 13.17.3 Proper Oils Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Market Data Analysis (Revenue, Sales, Price, Gross Margin and Market Share) (2021-2025); 13.18 Protelux, Luxembourg; 13.18.1 Protelux, Luxembourg Basic Company Profile (Employees, Areas Service, Competitors and Contact Information); 13.18.2 Protelux, Luxembourg Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Product Portfolio; 13.18.3 Protelux, Luxembourg Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Market Data Analysis (Revenue, Sales, Price, Gross Margin and Market Share) (2021-2025); 13.19 Valley Proteins Inc; 13.19.1 Valley Proteins Inc Basic Company Profile (Employees, Areas Service, Competitors and Contact Information); 13.19.2 Valley Proteins Inc Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Product Portfolio; 13.19.3 Valley Proteins Inc Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Market Data Analysis (Revenue, Sales, Price, Gross Margin and Market Share) (2021-2025); 13.20 Vegetable Oil Management Ltd; 13.20.1 Vegetable Oil Management Ltd Basic Company Profile (Employees, Areas Service, Competitors and Contact Information); 13.20.2 Vegetable Oil Management Ltd Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Product Portfolio; 13.20.3 Vegetable Oil Management Ltd Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Market Data Analysis (Revenue, Sales, Price, Gross Margin and Market Share) (2021-2025); 13.21 Waste Oil Recyclers; 13.21.1 Waste Oil Recyclers Basic Company Profile (Employees, Areas Service, Competitors and Contact Information); 13.21.2 Waste Oil Recyclers Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Product Portfolio; 13.21.3 Waste Oil Recyclers Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Market Data Analysis (Revenue, Sales, Price, Gross Margin and Market Share) (2021-2025)
14 Industry Chain Analysis: 14.1 Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Industry Chain Analysis; 14.2 Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Industry Raw Material and Suppliers Analysis; 14.2.1 Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Key Raw Material Supply Analysis; 14.2.2 Raw Material Suppliers and Contact Information; 14.3 Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Typical Downstream Customers; 14.4 Used Cooking Oil (UCO) Sales Channel Analysis
15 Research Findings and Conclusion
16 Methodology and Data Source: 16.1 Methodology/Research Approach; 16.2 Research Scope; 16.3 Benchmarks and Assumptions; 16.4 Date Source; 16.4.1 Primary Sources; 16.4.2 Secondary Sources; 16.5 Data Cross Validation; 16.6 Disclaimer