A smart card is a card with a semiconductor integrated circuit chip embedded in it, and is one of the products of semiconductor applications. Its core is the embedded chip, which realizes data storage, processing and communication functions through the chip. According to CRI analysis, smart cards can be divided into memory cards, logic encryption cards and CPU cards according to the specific type of chip.
Memory cards are mainly used to store simple information, logic encryption cards add basic security authentication functions, and CPU cards have built-in microprocessors that can independently process complex data and operations. These smart cards are widely used in payment, identity authentication, communication, transportation and medical fields, such as credit cards, SIM cards, access control cards, electronic passports, electronic wallets, etc.
The upstream industries of smart cards include semiconductor materials (such as silicon wafers, metal lead frames), chemical materials (such as polycarbonate, PVC) and printing manufacturing processes. The midstream industries are mainly the design, manufacturing, packaging of smart card chips, and the production and customization of smart cards. The downstream industries are the application industries of smart cards, such as banking, communications, government, enterprises and transportation. According to CRI analysis, the core link of the global smart card industry lies in the design and manufacturing of chips, which directly affects the performance and security level of the card.
The smart card industry is one of the important application areas of semiconductors. The chip is the core component of the smart card, usually a microcontroller chip or a security chip. These chips are semiconductor products, and their manufacturing involves complex semiconductor processes such as wafer processing, photolithography, etching, packaging and testing. In addition, the communication technology of smart cards (such as contact and contactless) also requires the use of semiconductor radio frequency technology.
In terms of industrial applications, smart cards are used as bank cards and prepaid cards in financial payments; as SIM cards in the communications industry; as transportation cards in public transportation; as identity documents or access cards in identity recognition; and as electronic health cards or insurance cards in the medical field. The production of smart cards requires highly sophisticated chip manufacturing equipment and packaging equipment, as well as supporting printing equipment and card injection molding technology.
The global smart card market is highly competitive. According to CRI analysis, the world's major smart card manufacturers include Gemalto (now part of Thales Group), IDEMIA, Giesecke+Devrient, Infineon, NXP, STMicroelectronics and other companies.
Vietnam's smart card industry started late and is highly dependent on imported products. According to CRI analysis, Vietnam's smart card industry mainly imports high-performance smart card chips and packaging equipment, and exports are mostly low-end card products. Vietnam's smart card industry currently has a small market size, but thanks to the expansion of Southeast Asia's electronics manufacturing industry and the Vietnamese government's promotion of the digital economy and electronic payments, Vietnam's smart card market is growing rapidly and is gradually developing and integrating into the global supply chain.
According to CRI data, Vietnam’s smart card imports totaled US$220 million in 2023. From January to October 2024, Vietnam's cumulative smart card imports amounted to approximately US$2.4 billion, an increase of approximately 40% over the same period in 2023. Vietnam's smart card market is expanding rapidly and is expected to maintain a relatively fast growth rate in the next few years.
According to CRI analysis, the main import sources of smart cards for Vietnam from 2021 to 2024 include China, Malaysia, Hong Kong, China, etc. The main companies exporting smart cards to Vietnam include PAXAR CHINA LIMITED, SMARTRAC TECHNOLOGY MALAYSIA SDN BHD, SAE-A TRADING CO, LTD etc.
The main importers of smart cards in Vietnam are manufacturers and distributors related to the electronics manufacturing industry, including AVERY DENNISON RIS VIET NAM CO LTD, MAXIM LABEL & PACKAGING VIETNAM COMPANY, R PAC VIETNAM LIMITED etc.
As Vietnam's economy develops and its industrialization process accelerates, CRI predicts that Vietnam's smart card market will continue to grow in the next few years. Due to Vietnam's limited smart card production capacity, CRI predicts that Vietnam's smart card imports will continue to grow in the next few years. CRI recommends that companies related to the smart card industry chain should conduct research on the Vietnamese smart card market as soon as possible to prepare for entering the Vietnamese market.
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