Rare earth permanent magnets are high-performance magnetic materials made from rare earth elements, characterized by their extremely strong magnetism and excellent resistance to demagnetization. They are among the most important permanent magnet materials globally and are widely used in modern industry.
According to CRI, the upstream sectors of rare earth permanent magnets primarily include the mining and processing of rare earth ores, especially the smelting and purification of rare earth metals such as neodymium, samarium, and cobalt. Downstream sectors encompass a wide range of application fields, including electronic devices, automobiles, wind power generation, medical equipment, and household appliances. In the electric vehicle and wind power generation sectors, rare earth permanent magnets are key components that can significantly improve motor efficiency and reduce energy consumption. Modern electronic consumer products such as smartphones and laptops also require rare earth permanent magnets to achieve lighter and more compact designs.
In industry, rare earth permanent magnets are widely used in various electric motors and generators, particularly in electric vehicles, wind turbines, and industrial automation equipment, where efficient conversion of electrical and kinetic energy is essential. Additionally, they are used in high-tech fields including maglev trains, robotics, and aerospace, as well as in consumer and medical devices like speakers and MRI machines. Due to their high performance and versatility, rare earth permanent magnets have become indispensable components in many key technological devices.
According to CRI, the major global producers of rare earth permanent magnets include China's JL MAG, Ningbo Yunsheng, and Zhong Ke San Huan, as well as Japan's Hitachi Metals and TDK.
Although Vietnam’s rare earth permanent magnet industry is not as developed as that of China or Japan, Vietnam is gradually becoming an exporter of rare earth magnets due to its abundant mineral resources and cost-effective labor. CRI has analyzed that Vietnam has an estimated 22 million tons of rare earth resources, accounting for 19% of the world's known reserves, providing ample raw materials for the country's rare earth permanent magnet industry. Additionally, the Vietnamese government actively attracts foreign investment and promotes the development of high-tech industries, creating a favorable policy environment for the production of rare earth permanent magnets in Vietnam. As a result, Vietnam is gradually becoming an important global supplier of rare earth resources and is also exporting a large amount of processed rare earth materials.
Furthermore, Vietnam's free trade agreements with other countries help expand its export markets, reduce export tariffs, and increase the competitiveness of its products in the international market. According to CRI, due to its favorable policy environment, strong production capacity, and flexible export strategies, Vietnam's rare earth permanent magnet industry is becoming an increasingly important part of the global power and electronics supply chain.
CRI data shows that in 2023, Vietnam's total export value of rare earth permanent magnets reached approximately USD 370 million, with a growing trend. From January to July 2024, the export value of rare earth permanent magnets from Vietnam had already exceeded USD 200 million.
According to CRI, between 2021 and 2024, the main export destinations for Vietnam's rare earth permanent magnets were Japan, the Philippines, and Malaysia. Major companies importing rare earth permanent magnets from Vietnam include SHIN-ETSU CHEMICAL CO, LTD and its subsidiaries or partner logistics companies, UNION MATERIALS CORPORATION, and KOREA MIKASA CORPORATION.
Among Vietnam's rare earth permanent magnet exporters, foreign-invested companies dominate, especially subsidiaries of international electronics or chemical companies established in Vietnam. Key exporters of rare earth permanent magnets in Vietnam include SHIN-ETSU VIETNAM, MAGTRON VINA, and UNION MATERIALS VIETNAM.
Overall, the global rare earth permanent magnet industry has broad development prospects, particularly with the rapid growth of the renewable energy sector. The demand for electric vehicles and wind turbines will further drive the expansion of the permanent magnet market. CRI predicts that with the development of Vietnam’s rare earth permanent magnet industry, exports from Vietnam are expected to continue growing in the coming years.
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