Glutamic acid is an important non-essential amino acid that is widely present in nature and serves as a key component of proteins, utilized in the biosynthesis of proteins by nearly all organisms.
Glutamic acid and its derivatives are extensively applied in various fields, such as food additives, pharmaceuticals, and feed additives. Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is the sodium salt of glutamic acid and one of the most widely used additives. In addition to MSG, glutamic acid itself and multiple glutamate salts can be used as flavor enhancers in food.
Glutamic acid can be classified into two types: L-glutamic acid and D-glutamic acid, with L-glutamic acid being biologically active and widely used in the food and pharmaceutical sectors. Glutamic acid possesses excellent flavoring properties and plays a crucial role in enhancing the umami and taste of food, making it an essential component in the global food processing industry.
According to the analysis by CRI, in terms of the industry chain, the upstream of glutamic acid mainly involves starch-rich crops such as corn and wheat, which are used to produce glutamic acid through fermentation processes. The downstream industries of glutamic acid primarily include the food processing, pharmaceutical, and feed industries, with the food processing industry being the largest consumer. In the pharmaceutical sector, glutamic acid and its salts are utilized for the synthesis of antiepileptic and neurological drugs. Additionally, glutamic acid is widely used in the feed industry as a nutritional supplement in animal feed to enhance livestock production efficiency.
Globally, the major producers of glutamic acid include Ajinomoto, Meihua Holdings, Fufeng Group, and CJ CheilJedang. CRI reports that with Vietnam's economic development and industrialization, the downstream industries of glutamic acid, such as the food processing and pharmaceutical sectors, are rapidly growing, leading to an expanding market size for glutamic acid in Vietnam.
Benefiting from the Vietnamese government's preferential policies, the global supply chain shift, and a highly cost-effective labor force, Vietnam's food processing industry has developed rapidly in recent years, becoming a key component of the country's industrialization. According to the analysis by CRI, due to continuous economic and population growth, improvements in industrial infrastructure, and increasing foreign investment, the food processing industry in Vietnam is expected to maintain steady growth. Consequently, the demand for glutamic acid in Vietnam is rising steadily.
However, due to limited domestic production capacity, a lack of a suitable chemical industry basis, technology, and equipment, large-scale production of such products in Vietnam is not cost-effective, resulting in a heavy reliance on imported glutamic acid.
CRI data shows that the total value of glutamic acid imports to Vietnam was approximately USD 130 million in 2023, with the accumulated import value reaching around USD 55 million from January to June 2024. This growth trend is expected to continue in the coming years.
From 2021 to 2024, the main sources of glutamic acid imports to Vietnam included China, Thailand, and Hong Kong. Key companies exporting glutamic acid to Vietnam are WUXI MIFUN INTERNATIONAL TRADE CO., LTD, MEIHUA GROUP INTERNATIONAL TRADING (HONG KONG) LTD, and THAI FERMENTATION INDUSTRY CO., LTD.
The primary importers of glutamic acid in Vietnam are companies and distributors in the food processing industry, mainly foreign-invested enterprises such as SAIGON VE WONG CO., LTD, MIWON VIET NAM CO., LTD, and DAESANG VIET NAM CO., LTD, according to CRI.
Overall, with Vietnam's economic growth and increasing per capita income, the demand for glutamic acid in the Vietnamese market is expected to continue rising. CRI forecasts that the import volume of glutamic acid in Vietnam will continue to grow in the coming years.
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