Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Global Market Report 2025

Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Global Market Report 2025 from The Business Research Company provides strategists, marketers and senior management with the critical information they need to assess the market.

This report focuses on raw, fresh and frozen dog food market which is experiencing strong growth. The report gives a guide to the trends which will be shaping the market over the next ten years and beyond.

Reasons to Purchase

  • Gain a truly global perspective with the most comprehensive report available on this market covering 15 geographies.
  • Assess the impact of key macro factors such as conflict, pandemic and recovery, inflation and interest rate environment and the 2nd Trump presidency.
  • Create regional and country strategies on the basis of local data and analysis.
  • Identify growth segments for investment.
  • Outperform competitors using forecast data and the drivers and trends shaping the market.
  • Understand customers based on the latest market shares.
  • Benchmark performance against key competitors.
  • Suitable for supporting your internal and external presentations with reliable high quality data and analysis
  • Report will be updated with the latest data and delivered to you within 2-3 working days of order along with an Excel data sheet for easy data extraction and analysis.
  • All data from the report will also be delivered in an excel dashboard format.
Description:

Where is the largest and fastest growing market for raw, fresh and frozen dog food ? How does the market relate to the overall economy, demography and other similar markets? What forces will shape the market going forward? The raw, fresh and frozen dog food market global report from the Business Research Company answers all these questions and many more.

The report covers market characteristics, size and growth, segmentation, regional and country breakdowns, competitive landscape, market shares, trends and strategies for this market. It traces the market’s historic and forecast market growth by geography.
  • The market characteristics section of the report defines and explains the market.
  • The market size section gives the market size ($b) covering both the historic growth of the market, and forecasting its development.
  • The forecasts are made after considering the major factors currently impacting the market. These include:
  • The forecasts are made after considering the major factors currently impacting the market. These include the Russia-Ukraine war, rising inflation, higher interest rates, and the legacy of the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • Market segmentations break down the market into sub markets.
  • The regional and country breakdowns section gives an analysis of the market in each geography and the size of the market by geography and compares their historic and forecast growth. It covers the growth trajectory of COVID-19 for all regions, key developed countries and major emerging markets.
  • The competitive landscape chapter gives a description of the competitive nature of the market, market shares, and a description of the leading companies. Key financial deals which have shaped the market in recent years are identified.
  • The trends and strategies section analyses the shape of the market as it emerges from the crisis and suggests how companies can grow as the market recovers.
Scope

Markets Covered:1) By Food Type: Frozen Food; Raw Food; Fresh Food

2) By Flavor Type: Chicken; Beef; Lamb; Turkey; Fish; Other Flavors

3) By Application: Dental Care; Digestive Care; Bone And Joint Health; Weight Management; Immune Support; Energy And Muscle Support; Other Applications

4) By Sales Channel: Wholesalers And Distributors; Modern Trade; Convenience Stores; Pharmacy And Drug Stores; Online Retailers; Pet Specialty Stores; Other Sales Channels

Subsegments:

1) By Frozen Food: Frozen Raw Food; Frozen Cooked Food; Frozen Dehydrated Food

2) By Raw Food: Raw Meat; Raw Bones And Organs; Raw Freeze-Dried Food; Raw Frozen Formulations

3) By Fresh Food: Fresh Cooked Meals; Fresh Dehydrated Or Freeze-Dried Meals; Fresh Organic Meals; Fresh Homemade Dog Food

Companies Mentioned: NutriSource Pet Foods Inc.; Canidae Pet Food; Petco Health and Wellness Company Inc.; Wellness Pet Co Inc.; Hill's Pet Nutrition Inc.

Countries: Australia; Brazil; China; France; Germany; India; Indonesia; Japan; Russia; South Korea; UK; USA; Canada; Italy; Spain

Regions: Asia-Pacific; Western Europe; Eastern Europe; North America; South America; Middle East; Africa

Time series: Five years historic and ten years forecast.

Data: Ratios of market size and growth to related markets, GDP proportions, expenditure per capita,

Data segmentations: country and regional historic and forecast data, market share of competitors, market segments.

Sourcing and Referencing: Data and analysis throughout the report is sourced using end notes.

Delivery format: PDF, Word and Excel Data Dashboard.

Please Note: Report will be updated with the latest data and delivered to you within 3-5 working days of order.


1. Executive Summary
2. Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market Characteristics
3. Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market Trends And Strategies
4. Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market - Macro Economic Scenario Including The Impact Of Interest Rates, Inflation, Geopolitics, Covid And Recovery On The Market
5. Global Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Growth Analysis And Strategic Analysis Framework
5.1. Global Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food PESTEL Analysis (Political, Social, Technological, Environmental and Legal Factors, Drivers and Restraints)
5.2. Analysis Of End Use Industries
5.3. Global Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market Growth Rate Analysis
5.4. Global Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Historic Market Size and Growth, 2019 - 2024, Value ($ Billion)
5.5. Global Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Forecast Market Size and Growth, 2024 - 2029, 2034F, Value ($ Billion)
5.6. Global Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Total Addressable Market (TAM)
6. Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market Segmentation
6.1. Global Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Food Type, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
Frozen Food
Raw Food
Fresh Food
6.2. Global Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Flavor Type, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
Chicken
Beef
Lamb
Turkey
Fish
Other Flavors
6.3. Global Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
Dental Care
Digestive Care
Bone And Joint Health
Weight Management
Immune Support
Energy And Muscle Support
Other Applications
6.4. Global Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Sales Channel, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
Wholesalers And Distributors
Modern Trade
Convenience Stores
Pharmacy And Drug Stores
Online Retailers
Pet Specialty Stores
Other Sales Channels
6.5. Global Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Sub-Segmentation Of Frozen Food, By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
Frozen Raw Food
Frozen Cooked Food
Frozen Dehydrated Food
6.6. Global Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Sub-Segmentation Of Raw Food, By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
Raw Meat
Raw Bones And Organs
Raw Freeze-Dried Food
Raw Frozen Formulations
6.7. Global Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Sub-Segmentation Of Fresh Food, By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
Fresh Cooked Meals
Fresh Dehydrated Or Freeze-Dried Meals
Fresh Organic Meals
Fresh Homemade Dog Food
7. Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market Regional And Country Analysis
7.1. Global Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Split By Region, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
7.2. Global Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Split By Country, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
8. Asia-Pacific Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market
8.1. Asia-Pacific Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market Overview
Region Information, Market Information, Background Information, Government Initiatives, Regulations, Regulatory Bodies, Major Associations, Taxes Levied, Corporate Tax Structure, Investments, Major Companies
8.2. Asia-Pacific Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Food Type, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
8.3. Asia-Pacific Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Flavor Type, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
8.4. Asia-Pacific Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
9. China Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market
9.1. China Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market Overview
9.2. China Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Food Type, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F,$ Billion
9.3. China Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Flavor Type, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F,$ Billion
9.4. China Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F,$ Billion
10. India Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market
10.1. India Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Food Type, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
10.2. India Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Flavor Type, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
10.3. India Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
11. Japan Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market
11.1. Japan Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market Overview
11.2. Japan Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Food Type, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
11.3. Japan Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Flavor Type, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
11.4. Japan Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
12. Australia Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market
12.1. Australia Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Food Type, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
12.2. Australia Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Flavor Type, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
12.3. Australia Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
13. Indonesia Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market
13.1. Indonesia Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Food Type, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
13.2. Indonesia Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Flavor Type, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
13.3. Indonesia Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
14. South Korea Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market
14.1. South Korea Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market Overview
14.2. South Korea Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Food Type, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
14.3. South Korea Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Flavor Type, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
14.4. South Korea Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
15. Western Europe Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market
15.1. Western Europe Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market Overview
15.2. Western Europe Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Food Type, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
15.3. Western Europe Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Flavor Type, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
15.4. Western Europe Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
16. UK Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market
16.1. UK Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Food Type, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
16.2. UK Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Flavor Type, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
16.3. UK Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
17. Germany Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market
17.1. Germany Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Food Type, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
17.2. Germany Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Flavor Type, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
17.3. Germany Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
18. France Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market
18.1. France Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Food Type, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
18.2. France Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Flavor Type, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
18.3. France Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
19. Italy Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market
19.1. Italy Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Food Type, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
19.2. Italy Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Flavor Type, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
19.3. Italy Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
20. Spain Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market
20.1. Spain Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Food Type, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
20.2. Spain Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Flavor Type, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
20.3. Spain Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
21. Eastern Europe Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market
21.1. Eastern Europe Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market Overview
21.2. Eastern Europe Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Food Type, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
21.3. Eastern Europe Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Flavor Type, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
21.4. Eastern Europe Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
22. Russia Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market
22.1. Russia Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Food Type, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
22.2. Russia Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Flavor Type, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
22.3. Russia Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
23. North America Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market
23.1. North America Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market Overview
23.2. North America Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Food Type, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
23.3. North America Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Flavor Type, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
23.4. North America Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
24. USA Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market
24.1. USA Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market Overview
24.2. USA Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Food Type, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
24.3. USA Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Flavor Type, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
24.4. USA Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
25. Canada Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market
25.1. Canada Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market Overview
25.2. Canada Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Food Type, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
25.3. Canada Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Flavor Type, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
25.4. Canada Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
26. South America Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market
26.1. South America Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market Overview
26.2. South America Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Food Type, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
26.3. South America Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Flavor Type, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
26.4. South America Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
27. Brazil Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market
27.1. Brazil Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Food Type, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
27.2. Brazil Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Flavor Type, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
27.3. Brazil Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
28. Middle East Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market
28.1. Middle East Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market Overview
28.2. Middle East Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Food Type, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
28.3. Middle East Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Flavor Type, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
28.4. Middle East Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
29. Africa Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market
29.1. Africa Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market Overview
29.2. Africa Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Food Type, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
29.3. Africa Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Flavor Type, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
29.4. Africa Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2019-2024, 2024-2029F, 2034F, $ Billion
30. Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market Competitive Landscape And Company Profiles
30.1. Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market Competitive Landscape
30.2. Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market Company Profiles
30.2.1. NutriSource Pet Foods Inc. Overview, Products and Services, Strategy and Financial Analysis
30.2.2. Canidae Pet Food Overview, Products and Services, Strategy and Financial Analysis
30.2.3. Petco Health and Wellness Company Inc. Overview, Products and Services, Strategy and Financial Analysis
30.2.4. Wellness Pet Co Inc. Overview, Products and Services, Strategy and Financial Analysis
30.2.5. Hill's Pet Nutrition Inc. Overview, Products and Services, Strategy and Financial Analysis
31. Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market Other Major And Innovative Companies
31.1. Tylee's
31.2. Blue Buffalo Co. Ltd.
31.3. Freshpet Inc.
31.4. Merrick Pet Care Inc.
31.5. Primal Pet Foods Inc.
31.6. Just Food For Dogs LLC
31.7. Fromm Family Foods LLC
31.8. Orijen Pet Foods
31.9. Bravo LLC
31.10. PetAg Inc.
31.11. Natural Pet Food Group
31.12. Darwin's Natural Pet Products
31.13. Steve's Real Food Inc.
31.14. Breeder's Choice Inc.
31.15. Billy Margot Ltd.
32. Global Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market Competitive Benchmarking And Dashboard
33. Key Mergers And Acquisitions In The Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market
34. Recent Developments In The Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market
35. Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market High Potential Countries, Segments and Strategies
35.1 Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market In 2029 - Countries Offering Most New Opportunities
35.2 Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market In 2029 - Segments Offering Most New Opportunities
35.3 Raw, Fresh And Frozen Dog Food Market In 2029 - Growth Strategies
35.3.1 Market Trend Based Strategies
35.3.2 Competitor Strategies
36. Appendix
36.1. Abbreviations
36.2. Currencies
36.3. Historic And Forecast Inflation Rates
36.4. Research Inquiries
36.5. The Business Research Company
36.6. Copyright And Disclaimer

Download our eBook: How to Succeed Using Market Research

Learn how to effectively navigate the market research process to help guide your organization on the journey to success.

Download eBook
Cookie Settings