Food Grade Lubricants Market - Global Outlook and Forecast 2022-2027

Food Grade Lubricants Market - Global Outlook and Forecast 2022-2027

The global food grade lubricants market is expected to grow at a CAGR of 5.48% during 2022-2027.

Food grade lubricants are those oils used in industrial machines (such as conveyor belts, pumps, tanks, mixers, hoses and pipes, and chain drives) for the smooth functioning of the devices. It plays a vital role in protecting the devices from rust, corrosion, oxidation, breakdown, and heat. Furthermore, the food industry prevents health hazards in case of incidental or accidental contact with food.

Food grade oil is widely used in the manufacturing equipment of food & beverages, food packaging, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and animal feed as they are:

  • Tasteless
  • Odorless
  • Physiologically inert
  • Colorless
In the food & beverage industry, food-safe machine lubricants are crucial. The production of food, beverages, and related products such as packaging puts the strictest requirements on lubricants used in the manufacturing process", says Giles Cutter, Lubritech Divisional Manager, FUCHS Lubricants South Africa.

Food grade lubricants are more regulated than other lubricating oils because they are highly used in the food & beverage industry and cosmetic and medicine processing plants. These products are highly prone to microbial contamination, reducing their nutritional value. If the safety standards are not met during processing, storage, and packaging, it can lead to microbial contamination. Henceforth, several regulatory bodies such as US FDA, Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA), and ISO 21469 have set the regulations and standards to specify the hygiene requirement for the formulation, manufacturing, and handling of lubricants. Thus, the regulatory landscape is a significant hindrance to scaling up operations by small and medium enterprises. But at the same time, it is driving the market because these standards and regulations ensure the customer regarding the product's safety, quality, and hygiene.

RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN THE INDUSTRY
  • In September 2021, Fuchs announced the local production of food grade lubricant product range "CASSIDA" in South Africa. This will enable the company to become a dominant player and save production costs as SADC does not apply duties on the locally produced product.
  • In January 2022, Petro Canada Lubricants launched PURITY FG Synthetic Compressor Fluid, a new product line. NSF registers this product as an H1 lubricant. It fits entirely in HACCP (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point) and GMP (Good Manufacturing Practice) plans, demonstrating that the product is high quality and meets the food industry standards.
  • In 2018, Petro Canada Lubricants became the first global supplier of food grade and non-food grade hydraulic fluid to Husky Injection Molding Systems for the "PURITY FG Synthetic Fluid 46" product.
  • In 2021, Petro Canada Lubricants enhanced "PURITY FG2" food grade lubricant by adding MICROL MAX grease in its formulation. Micro is an antimicrobial preservative registered by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in food grade lubricant products.
MARKET TRENDS & DRIVERS

Rising Demand for Packaged and Processed Food

The increasing urbanization, changing lifestyles, a time constraint for preparing food, expanding population, and the growing purchasing power, especially in the economies of China and India, is stimulating the demand for processed and packaged food worldwide. According to the study conducted by the Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India (ASSOCHAM), India, and Grant Thornton, UK, by 2024, India's food processing sector is likely to attract USD 33 billion investment as the total food production in India is estimated to be double by 2024. This growth is creating a demand for food-grade oils. The food grade oils are primarily used in the food processing machines to reduce the friction & heat between mechanical components, prevent the breakdown of devices, and, most importantly, prevent the food from entering contaminated. However, the food grade lubricants market is highly fragmented, and product differentiation is essential, with several brands competing for attention.

Increasing Food Grade Regulation

The increasing concern for reducing foodborne illness and promoting hygiene factors in food processing facilities positively impacts the food grade lubricants market growth. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), National Sanitation Foundation (NSF), the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), and the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) are the regulatory bodies that monitor the use of components in food grade lubricants to mitigate the risk of cross-contamination from both biological agents such as a microorganism, and chemical agents, such as toxins, mutagens, or carcinogens, to avoid foodborne disease, and ensures customers about the safety of the food product.

Performance Limitations of H1 Food Grade Lubricants

The major challenge faced in the food grade lubricant industry is the performance limitation of H1 food-grade lubricant. As per USDA regulation, the top 10 parts per million of oil are allowed in the H1 food-grade rule or lubricant that comes in contact with food. This exhibits that H1 food-grade lubricant is not safe in those machines producing moderate or small quantities of food. In addition, it can adversely affect the performance of the devices in terms of rust and corrosion. Similarly, H1 food grade lubricant is not optimal for a can seaming machine. Relatively solid or dry oil is required to generate high friction, wear, and heat. Hence, there are high chances of food contamination due to these circumstances.

MARKET SEGMENTATION OVERVIEW

H1 lubricants are estimated to be the largest segment in the food grade lubricants market. H2 food grade lubricant is expected to dominate the market during the forecast period and is projected to witness higher growth. H1 lubricants are a globally recognized certification used in the food & beverage industry where incidental food contact is possible. It is used across food & beverage processing machines such as conveyor belts, pumps, and mixers for blending, canning, cutting, cooking, slicing, peeling, brewing, and bottling. Food grade lubricants certified with NSF-H1 ensures the safety standard of the food, and the chemical constituted in the lubricating oils are non-toxic, thus eliminating the chances of foodborne disease.

The mineral oil market held the largest share in the food grade lubricants market in 2021; however, the synthetic lubricant market is expected to lead the industry during the forecast period. Food grade lubricant is highly formulated with white mineral oil where possible incidental food contact. It is a highly refined premium quality base oil with no additives. It offers excellent protection against rust, and corrosion offers oxidative stability and protects the equipment from wear & tear.

The food-grade lubricating oils are primarily used across food & beverages, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and animal food processing plants. In the future also, the food industry is expected to dominate the market during the forecast period. This is primarily due to the rising demand for bakery food, dairy products, cereals, seafood, poultry, and ready-to-eat food driven by the increasing population and the increasing purchasing power, specifically in emerging economies. For instance, according to the United Nations (U.N.) report, by 2030, the global population is expected to reach 8.5 billion.

Segmentation by Base Oil
  • Mineral
  • Synthetic
  • Bio-Based
Segmentation by Grade
  • H1
  • H2
  • H3
Segmentation by Application
  • Food
  • Pharmaceutical
  • Cosmetic
  • Beverage
  • Others
APAC was the 3rd largest and fastest-growing food grade lubricants market. China led the region as food grade oils are highly used due to the massive presence of food processing, medicine & its supplements, and the animal feed processing industry. The outbreak of Covid-19 played a vital role in stimulating the demand for packaged and quick-frozen foods due to the strict regulations enforced in China. In 2021, the production volume increased by 6.3% despite continued lockdowns and virus spread. Countries such as India, South Korea, and Japan are also supporting the market growth due to the country's rising young and middle-class population and purchasing power. For instance, India's middle-class population is expected to reach around 800 million people with a spending of 80% by 2030, as per the report by World data. Thus, higher disposable incomes mean an increased demand for packaged food, premium food, and cosmetics, fueling the need for food-grade lubricating oils.

Segmentation by Region
  • North America
  • US
  • Canada
  • Europe
  • Germany
  • France
  • Russia
  • Italy
  • Rest Of Europe
  • APAC
  • China
  • India
  • Japan
  • Indonesia
  • Australia
  • Rest of APAC
  • Latin America
  • Brazil
  • Mexico
  • Rest Of Latin America
  • Middle East & Africa
  • Turkey
  • Egypt
  • Iran
  • Rest of MEA
COMPETITIVE ANALYSIS

The competitive scenario in the global food grade lubricants market is currently intensifying. The rapidly changing technological environment and sustainability scenario can adversely affect vendors as customers expect continual innovations and upgrades. The market is fragmented, with several players providing products with high functionality.

Key Vendors
  • Exxon Mobil Corporation
  • TotalEnergies
  • FUCHS
  • Petro Canada Lubricants
  • Castrol
Other Prominent Vendors
  • Valvoline Inc.
  • Kluber Lubrication
  • Metalube
  • Renewable lubricants
  • Cortec Corporation
  • Interflon
  • Repsol
  • Haynes Lubricants
  • DuBois Chemicals
  • Lubriplate Lubricants Company
  • Carl Bechem Lubricant India Private Limited
  • Mosil Lubricants
  • Petrelplus Inc.
  • Vinayak Oil
  • Condat
  • Addinol
KEY QUESTIONS ANSWERED

1. WHAT IS THE SIZE OF THE FOOD GRADE LUBRICANTS MARKET?

2. WHAT IS THE GROWTH RATE OF THE FOOD GRADE LUBRICANTS MARKET?

3. WHAT ARE THE GROWTH FACTORS IN THE FOOD GRADE LUBRICANTS MARKET?

4. WHO ARE THE KEY PLAYERS IN THE FOOD GRADE LUBRICANTS MARKET?

5. WHICH REGION HOLDS THE LARGEST SHARE IN THE FOOD GRADE LUBRICANTS MARKET?


1 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
2 RESEARCH OBJECTIVES
3 RESEARCH PROCESS
4 SCOPE & COVERAGE
4.1 MARKET DEFINITION
4.1.1 INCLUSIONS
4.1.2 EXCLUSIONS
4.1.3 MARKET ESTIMATION CAVEATS
4.2 BASE YEAR
4.3 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
4.3.1 MARKET SEGMENTATION BY GEOGRAPHY
5 REPORT ASSUMPTIONS & CAVEATS
5.1 KEY CAVEATS
5.2 CURRENCY CONVERSION
5.3 MARKET DERIVATION
6 ABSTRACT
6.1 GLOBAL FOOD-GRADE LUBRICANTS MARKET (2021-2027)
6.2 SYNOPSIS
6.2.1 MARKET TRENDS
6.2.2 SEGMENT REVIEW
6.2.3 COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE
7 MARKET AT A GLANCE
8 INTRODUCTION
8.1 OVERVIEW
8.2 INDUSTRY EXPERT INSIGHTS
8.3 FOOD-GRADE LUBRICANTS: FORM
8.3.1 GREASE
8.3.2 CRITERIA FOR USING FOOD GRADE GREASE OVER OIL-
8.3.3 OIL
8.3.4 CRITERIA TO USE FOOD GRADE OIL OVER GREASE
8.4 SUPPLY CHAIN ANALYSIS
8.4.1 RAW MATERIALS
8.4.2 FOOD-GRADE LUBRICANT BLENDERS/PRODUCERS
8.4.3 SUPPLIER/DISTRIBUTOR
8.4.4 APPLICATION
8.5 COVID 19 IMPACT
9 MARKET OPPORTUNITIES & TRENDS
9.1 HIGH GROWTH POTENTIAL IN EMERGING ECONOMIES
9.2 INCREASING FOOD GRADE REGULATION
9.2.1 US
9.2.2 CANADA
9.2.3 EUROPEAN UNION
9.2.4 CHINA
9.2.5 AUSTRALIA
9.2.6 ISO 21469 STANDARD
9.3 ESCALATING DEMAND FOR PREMIUM PET FOOD
10 MARKET GROWTH ENABLERS
10.1 RISING DEMAND FOR PACKAGED AND PROCESSED FOOD
10.2 RISING POPULARITY OF BIO-BASED FOOD-GRADE LUBRICANT
10.3 INCREASING FOOD SAFETY CONCERN
11 MARKET RESTRAINTS
11.1 RISING RAW MATERIAL COST
11.2 PERFORMANCE LIMITATIONS OF H1 FOOD-GRADE LUBRICANTS
12 MARKET LANDSCAPE
12.1 MARKET OVERVIEW
12.2 MARKET SIZE & FORECAST
12.3 FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS
12.3.1 THREAT OF NEW ENTRANTS
12.3.2 BARGAINING POWER OF SUPPLIERS
12.3.3 BARGAINING POWER OF BUYERS
12.3.4 THREAT OF SUBSTITUTES
12.3.5 COMPETITIVE RIVALRY
13 BASE OIL
13.1 MARKET SNAPSHOT & GROWTH ENGINE
13.2 MARKET OVERVIEW
13.3 MINERAL BASE OIL
13.3.1 MARKET OVERVIEW
13.3.2 MARKET SIZE & FORECAST
13.3.3 MARKET BY GEOGRAPHY
13.4 SYNTHETIC BASE OIL
13.4.1 MARKET OVERVIEW
13.4.2 MARKET SIZE & FORECAST
13.4.3 MARKET BY GEOGRAPHY
13.5 BIO-BASED BASE OIL
13.5.1 MARKET OVERVIEW
13.5.2 MARKET SIZE & FORECAST
13.5.3 MARKET BY GEOGRAPHY
14 GRADE
14.1 MARKET SNAPSHOT & GROWTH ENGINE
14.2 MARKET OVERVIEW
14.3 H1
14.3.1 MARKET OVERVIEW
14.3.2 MARKET SIZE & FORECAST
14.3.3 MARKET BY GEOGRAPHY
14.4 H2
14.4.1 MARKET OVERVIEW
14.4.2 MARKET SIZE & FORECAST
14.4.3 MARKET BY GEOGRAPHY
14.5 H3
14.5.1 MARKET OVERVIEW
14.5.2 MARKET SIZE & FORECAST
14.5.3 MARKET BY GEOGRAPHY
15 APPLICATION
15.1 MARKET SNAPSHOT & GROWTH ENGINE
15.2 MARKET OVERVIEW
15.3 FOOD
15.3.1 MARKET OVERVIEW
15.3.2 MARKET SIZE & FORECAST
15.3.3 MARKET BY GEOGRAPHY
15.4 COSMETIC
15.4.1 MARKET OVERVIEW
15.4.2 MARKET SIZE & FORECAST
15.4.3 MARKET BY GEOGRAPHY
15.5 PHARMACEUTICAL
15.5.1 MARKET OVERVIEW
15.5.2 MARKET SIZE & FORECAST
15.5.3 MARKET BY GEOGRAPHY
15.6 BEVERAGES
15.6.1 MARKET OVERVIEW
15.6.2 MARKET SIZE & FORECAST
15.6.3 MARKET BY GEOGRAPHY
15.7 OTHERS
15.7.1 MARKET OVERVIEW
15.7.2 MARKET SIZE & FORECAST
15.7.3 MARKET BY GEOGRAPHY
16 GEOGRAPHY
16.1 MARKET SNAPSHOT & GROWTH ENGINE (VALUE)
16.2 MARKET SNAPSHOT & GROWTH ENGINE (VOLUME)
16.4 GEOGRAPHIC OVERVIEW
17 NORTH AMERICA
17.1 MARKET OVERVIEW
17.2 MARKET SIZE & FORECAST
17.2.1 VALUE
17.2.2 VOLUME
17.3 BASE OIL
17.3.1 MARKET SIZE & FORECAST
17.4 GRADE
17.4.1 MARKET SIZE & FORECAST
17.5 APPLICATION
17.5.1 MARKET SIZE & FORECAST
17.6 KEY COUNTRIES
17.6.1 MARKET SNAPSHOT & GROWTH ENGINE (VALUE)
17.6.2 MARKET SNAPSHOT & GROWTH ENGINE (VOLUME)
17.7 US
17.7.1 MARKET SIZE & FORECAST (VALUE & VOLUME)
17.8 CANADA
17.8.1 MARKET SIZE & FORECAST (VALUE & VOLUME)
18 LATIN AMERICA
18.1 MARKET OVERVIEW
18.1.1 MACRO ECONOMIC FACTORS
18.2 MARKET SIZE & FORECAST
18.2.1 VALUE
18.2.2 VOLUME
18.3 BASE OIL
18.3.1 MARKET SIZE & FORECAST
18.4 GRADE
18.4.1 MARKET SIZE & FORECAST
18.5 APPLICATION
18.5.1 MARKET SIZE & FORECAST
18.6 KEY COUNTRIES
18.6.1 MARKET SNAPSHOT & GROWTH ENGINE (VALUE)
18.6.2 MARKET SNAPSHOT & GROWTH ENGINE (VOLUME)
18.7 BRAZIL
18.7.1 MARKET SIZE & FORECAST (VALUE & VOLUME
18.8 MEXICO
18.8.1 MARKET SIZE & FORECAST (VALUE & VOLUME)
18.9 REST OF LATIN AMERICA
18.9.1 MARKET SIZE & FORECAST (VALUE & VOLUME)
19 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA
19.1 MARKET OVERVIEW
19.2 MARKET SIZE & FORECAST
19.2.1 VALUE
19.2.2 VOLUME
19.3 BASE OIL
19.3.1 MARKET SIZE & FORECAST
19.4 GRADE
19.4.1 MARKET SIZE & FORECAST
19.5 APPLICATION
19.5.1 MARKET SIZE & FORECAST
19.6 KEY COUNTRIES
19.6.1 MARKET SNAPSHOT & GROWTH ENGINE (VALUE)
19.6.2 MARKET SNAPSHOT & GROWTH ENGINE (VOLUME)
19.7 EGYPT
19.7.1 MARKET SIZE & FORECAST (VALUE & VOLUME)
19.8 TURKEY
19.8.1 MARKET SIZE & FORECAST (VALUE & VOLUME)
19.9 IRAN
19.9.1 MARKET SIZE & FORECAST (VALUE & VOLUME)
19.10 REST OF MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA
19.10.1 MARKET SIZE & FORECAST (VALUE & VOLUME)
20 EUROPE
20.1 MARKET OVERVIEW
20.2 MARKET SIZE & FORECAST
20.2.1 VALUE
20.2.2 VOLUME
20.3 BASE OIL
20.3.1 MARKET SIZE & FORECAST
20.4 GRADE
20.4.1 MARKET SIZE & FORECAST
20.5 APPLICATION
20.5.1 MARKET SIZE & FORECAST
20.6 KEY COUNTRIES
20.6.1 MARKET SNAPSHOT & GROWTH ENGINE (VALUE)
20.6.2 MARKET SNAPSHOT & GROWTH ENGINE (VOLUME)
20.7 GERMANY
20.7.1 MARKET SIZE & FORECAST (VALUE & VOLUME)
20.8 FRANCE
20.8.1 MARKET SIZE & FORECAST (VALUE & VOLUME)
20.9 UK
20.9.1 MARKET SIZE & FORECAST (VALUE & VOLUME)
20.10 ITALY
20.10.1 MARKET SIZE & FORECAST (VALUE & VOLUME)
20.11 RUSSIA
20.11.1 MARKET SIZE & FORECAST
20.12 REST OF EUROPE
20.12.1 MARKET SIZE & FORECAST (VALUE & VOLUME)
21 APAC
21.1 MARKET OVERVIEW
21.2 MARKET SIZE & FORECAST
21.2.1 VALUE
21.2.2 VOLUME
21.3 BASE OIL
21.3.1 MARKET SIZE & FORECAST
21.4 GRADE
21.4.1 MARKET SIZE & FORECAST
21.5 APPLICATION
21.5.1 MARKET SIZE & FORECAST
21.6 KEY COUNTRIES
21.6.1 MARKET SNAPSHOT & GROWTH ENGINE (VALUE)
21.6.2 MARKET SNAPSHOT & GROWTH ENGINE (VOLUME)
21.7 CHINA
21.7.1 MARKET SIZE & FORECAST (VALUE & VOLUME)
21.8 INDIA
21.8.1 MARKET SIZE & FORECAST (VALUE & VOLUME)
21.9 JAPAN
21.9.1 MARKET SIZE & FORECAST (VALUE & VOLUME)
21.10 INDONESIA
21.10.1 MARKET SIZE & FORECAST (VALUE & VOLUME)
21.11 AUSTRALIA
21.11.1 MARKET SIZE & FORECAST (VALUE & VOLUME)
21.12 REST OF APAC
21.12.1 MARKET SIZE & FORECAST (VALUE & VOLUME)
22 COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE
22.1 COMPETITION OVERVIEW
22.2 KEY DEVELOPMENTS
23 KEY COMPANY PROFILES
23.1 EXXON MOBIL CORPORATION
23.1.1 BUSINESS OVERVIEW
23.1.2 EXXON MOBIL CORPORATION IN FOOD-GRADE LUBRICANT MARKET
23.1.3 PRODUCT OFFERINGS
23.1.4 KEY STRATEGIES
23.1.5 KEY STRENGTHS
23.1.6 KEY OPPORTUNITIES
23.2 TOTALENERGIES
23.2.1 BUSINESS OVERVIEW
23.2.2 TOTALENERGIES IN FOOD-GRADE LUBRICANT MARKET
23.2.3 PRODUCT OFFERINGS
23.2.4 KEY STRATEGIES
23.2.5 KEY STRENGTHS
23.2.6 KEY OPPORTUNITIES
23.3 FUCHS
23.3.1 BUSINESS OVERVIEW
23.3.2 FUCHS IN FOOD-GRADE LUBRICANT MARKET
23.3.3 PRODUCT OFFERINGS
23.3.4 KEY STRATEGIES
23.3.5 KEY STRENGTHS
23.3.6 KEY OPPORTUNITIES
23.4 PETRO-CANADA LUBRICANTS
23.4.1 BUSINESS OVERVIEW
23.4.2 PETRO-CANDA LUBRICANTS IN FOOD-GRADE LUBRICANTS MARKET
23.4.3 PRODUCT OFFERINGS
23.4.4 KEY STRATEGIES
23.4.5 KEY STRENGTHS
23.4.6 KEY OPPORTUNITIES
23.5 CASTROL
23.5.1 BUSINESS OVERVIEW
23.5.2 CASTROL IN FOOD-GRADE LUBRICANTS MARKET
23.5.3 PRODUCT OFFERINGS
23.5.4 KEY STRATEGIES
23.5.5 KEY STRENGTHS
23.5.6 KEY OPPORTUNITIES
24 OTHER PROMINENT VENDORS
24.1 VALVOLINE
24.1.1 BUSINESS OVERVIEW
24.1.2 PRODUCT OFFERINGS
24.2 KLUBER LUBRICATION
24.2.1 BUSINESS OVERVIEW
24.2.2 PRODUCT OFFERINGS
24.3 METALUBE
24.3.1 BUSINESS OVERVIEW
24.3.2 PRODUCT OFFERINGS
24.4 RENEWABLE LUBRICANTS
24.4.1 BUSINESS OVERVIEW
24.4.2 PRODUCT OFFERINGS
24.5 CORTEC CORPORATION
24.5.1 BUSINESS OVERVIEW
24.5.2 PRODUCT OFFERINGS
24.6 INTERFLON
24.6.1 BUSINESS OVERVIEW
24.6.2 PRODUCT OFFERINGS
24.7 REPSOL
24.7.1 BUSINESS OVERVIEW
24.7.2 PRODUCT OFFERINGS
24.8 HAYNES LUBRICANTS
24.8.1 BUSINESS OVERVIEW
24.8.2 PRODUCT OFFERINGS
24.9 DUBOIS CHEMICALS
24.9.1 BUSINESS OVERVIEW
24.9.2 PRODUCT OFFERINGS
24.10 LUBRIPLATE LUBRICANTS COMPANY
24.10.1 BUSINESS OVERVIEW
24.10.2 PRODUCT OFFERINGS
24.11 CARL BECHEM LUBRICANTS INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED
24.11.1 BUSINESS OVERVIEW
24.11.2 PRODUCT OFFERINGS
24.12 MOSIL LUBRICANTS
24.12.1 BUSINESS OVERVIEW
24.12.2 PRODUCT OFFERINGS
24.13 PETRELPLUS INC.
24.13.1 BUSINESS OVERVIEW
24.13.2 PRODUCT OFFERINGS
24.14 VINAYAK OIL
24.14.1 BUSINESS OVERVIEW
24.14.2 PRODUCT OFFERINGS
24.15 CONDAT
24.15.1 BUSINESS OVERVIEW
24.15.2 PRODUCT OFFERINGS
24.16 ADDINOL
24.16.1 BUSINESS OVERVIEW
24.16.2 PRODUCT OFFERINGS
25 REPORT SUMMARY
25.1 KEY TAKEAWAYS
25.2 STRATEGIC RECOMMENDATIONS
26 QUANTITATIVE SUMMARY
26.1 BASE OIL
26.1.1 MINERAL BASE OIL
26.1.2 SYNTHETIC BASE OIL
26.1.3 BIO-BASED BASE OIL
26.2 GRADE
26.2.1 H1
26.2.2 H2
26.2.3 H3
26.3 APPLICATION
26.3.1 FOOD PROCESSING EQUIPMENT
26.3.2 PHARMACEUTICAL
26.3.3 COSMETIC
26.3.4 BEVERAGES
26.3.5 OTHERS
27 GEOGRAPHY
27.1 NORTH AMERICA
27.1.1 GRADE
27.1.2 BASE OIL
27.1.3 APPLICATION
27.2 EUROPE
27.2.1 GRADE
27.2.2 BASE OIL
27.2.3 APPLICATION
27.3 LATIN AMERICA
27.3.1 GRADE
27.3.2 BASE OIL
27.3.3 APPLICATION
27.4 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA
27.4.1 GRADE
27.4.2 BASE OIL
27.4.3 APPLICATION
27.5 APAC
27.5.1 GRADE
27.5.2 BASE OIL
27.5.3 APPLICATION
28 APPENDIX
28.1 ABBREVIATIONS

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