Global Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Market Size, Manufacturers, Opportunities and Forecast to 2030

Global Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Market Size, Manufacturers, Opportunities and Forecast to 2030


Summary

Voice Coil Motor (VCM) is an electronic component that adjusts focus by moving multiple lens holders according to the change in current via magnets and a coil built into the component.
OIS (Optical Image Stabilizer) is another function of VCM, and the OIS (Optical Image Stabilizer) is detects the hand shaking and moves in the opposite direction of the shaking part of the lens to prevent the image from becoming blurred.
According to APO Research, The global Voice Coil Motor (VCM) market was estimated at US$ million in 2023 and is projected to reach a revised size of US$ million by 2030, witnessing a CAGR of xx% during the forecast period 2024-2030.
North American market for Voice Coil Motor (VCM) is estimated to increase from $ million in 2024 to reach $ million by 2030, at a CAGR of % during the forecast period of 2025 through 2030.
Asia-Pacific market for Voice Coil Motor (VCM) is estimated to increase from $ million in 2024 to reach $ million by 2030, at a CAGR of % during the forecast period of 2025 through 2030.
Europe market for Voice Coil Motor (VCM) is estimated to increase from $ million in 2024 to reach $ million by 2030, at a CAGR of % during the forecast period of 2025 through 2030.
The major global manufacturers of Voice Coil Motor (VCM) include ALPS ALPINE, Mitsumi, TDK, JAHWA, SEMCO, Henan Hozel Electronics Co. LTD, Liaoning Zhonglan Electronic Technology Co.,Ltd., New Shicoh Motor Co .,Ltd and Shanghai Billu Electronics Co., Ltd., etc. In 2023, the world's top three vendors accounted for approximately % of the revenue.

Report Scope

This report aims to provide a comprehensive presentation of the global market for Voice Coil Motor (VCM), with both quantitative and qualitative analysis, to help readers develop business/growth strategies, assess the market competitive situation, analyze their position in the current marketplace, and make informed business decisions regarding Voice Coil Motor (VCM).
The Voice Coil Motor (VCM) market size, estimations, and forecasts are provided in terms of sales volume (M Units) and revenue ($ millions), considering 2023 as the base year, with history and forecast data for the period from 2019 to 2030. This report segments the global Voice Coil Motor (VCM) market comprehensively. Regional market sizes, concerning products by Type, by Application, and by players, are also provided. For a more in-depth understanding of the market, the report provides profiles of the competitive landscape, key competitors, and their respective market ranks. The report also discusses technological trends and new product developments.

Key Companies & Market Share Insights

In this section, the readers will gain an understanding of the key players competing. This report has studied the key growth strategies, such as innovative trends and developments, intensification of product portfolio, mergers and acquisitions, collaborations, new product innovation, and geographical expansion, undertaken by these participants to maintain their presence. Apart from business strategies, the study includes current developments and key financials. The readers will also get access to the data related to global revenue, price, and sales by manufacturers for the period 2019-2024. This all-inclusive report will certainly serve the clients to stay updated and make effective decisions in their businesses. Some of the prominent players reviewed in the research report include:

ALPS ALPINE
Mitsumi
TDK
JAHWA
SEMCO
Henan Hozel Electronics Co. LTD
Liaoning Zhonglan Electronic Technology Co.,Ltd.
New Shicoh Motor Co .,Ltd
Shanghai Billu Electronics Co., Ltd.
Sanmeida Optical Technology Co., LTD
Hysonic
LG Innotek
Guixin Magnetoelectric Technology Co., Ltd.
Hysonic
Xinhongzhou Precision Technology Co.,Ltd.
Ningbo JCT Electronics Co.,Ltd.
JSS Optical Technology Co., Ltd.
Voice Coil Motor (VCM) segment by Type

AF
OIS
Voice Coil Motor (VCM) segment by Application

Below 5M
5M-8M
9M-12M
13M-16M
Above 16M
Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Segment by Region

North America
U.S.
Canada
Europe
Germany
France
U.K.
Italy
Russia
Asia-Pacific
China
Japan
South Korea
India
Australia
China Taiwan
Indonesia
Thailand
Malaysia
Latin America
Mexico
Brazil
Argentina
Middle East & Africa
Turkey
Saudi Arabia
UAE

Key Drivers & Barriers

High-impact rendering factors and drivers have been studied in this report to aid the readers to understand the general development. Moreover, the report includes restraints and challenges that may act as stumbling blocks on the way of the players. This will assist the users to be attentive and make informed decisions related to business. Specialists have also laid their focus on the upcoming business prospects.

Reasons to Buy This Report

1. This report will help the readers to understand the competition within the industries and strategies for the competitive environment to enhance the potential profit. The report also focuses on the competitive landscape of the global Voice Coil Motor (VCM) market, and introduces in detail the market share, industry ranking, competitor ecosystem, market performance, new product development, operation situation, expansion, and acquisition. etc. of the main players, which helps the readers to identify the main competitors and deeply understand the competition pattern of the market.
2. This report will help stakeholders to understand the global industry status and trends of Voice Coil Motor (VCM) and provides them with information on key market drivers, restraints, challenges, and opportunities.
3. This report will help stakeholders to understand competitors better and gain more insights to strengthen their position in their businesses. The competitive landscape section includes the market share and rank (in volume and value), competitor ecosystem, new product development, expansion, and acquisition.
4. This report stays updated with novel technology integration, features, and the latest developments in the market
5. This report helps stakeholders to gain insights into which regions to target globally
6. This report helps stakeholders to gain insights into the end-user perception concerning the adoption of Voice Coil Motor (VCM).
7. This report helps stakeholders to identify some of the key players in the market and understand their valuable contribution.

Chapter Outline

Chapter 1: Introduces the study scope of this report, executive summary of market segments by type, market size segments for North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Latin America, Middle East & Africa.
Chapter 2: Introduces the market dynamics, latest developments of the market, the driving factors and restrictive factors of the market, the challenges and risks faced by manufacturers in the industry, and the analysis of relevant policies in the industry.
Chapter 3: Detailed analysis of Voice Coil Motor (VCM) manufacturers competitive landscape, price, sales, revenue, market share and ranking, latest development plan, merger, and acquisition information, etc.
Chapter 4: Sales, revenue of Voice Coil Motor (VCM) in regional level. It provides a quantitative analysis of the market size and development potential of each region and introduces the future development prospects, and market space in the world.
Chapter 5: Introduces market segments by application, market size segment for North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Latin America, Middle East & Africa.
Chapter 6: Provides profiles of key players, introducing the basic situation of the main companies in the market in detail, including product sales, revenue, price, gross margin, product introduction, recent development, etc.
Chapter 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11: North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Latin America, Middle East & Africa, sales and revenue by country.
Chapter 12: Analysis of industrial chain, key raw materials, manufacturing cost, and market dynamics.
Chapter 13: Concluding Insights of the report.


1 Market Overview
1.1 Product Definition
1.2 Global Market Growth Prospects
1.2.1 Global Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Market Size Estimates and Forecasts (2019-2030)
1.2.2 Global Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Estimates and Forecasts (2019-2030)
1.3 Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Market by Type
1.3.1 AF
1.3.2 OIS
1.4 Global Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Market Size by Type
1.4.1 Global Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Market Size Overview by Type (2019-2030)
1.4.2 Global Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Historic Market Size Review by Type (2019-2024)
1.4.3 Global Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Forecasted Market Size by Type (2025-2030)
1.5 Key Regions Market Size by Type
1.5.1 North America Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Breakdown by Type (2019-2024)
1.5.2 Europe Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Breakdown by Type (2019-2024)
1.5.3 Asia-Pacific Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Breakdown by Type (2019-2024)
1.5.4 Latin America Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Breakdown by Type (2019-2024)
1.5.5 Middle East and Africa Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Breakdown by Type (2019-2024)
2 Global Market Dynamics
2.1 Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Industry Trends
2.2 Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Industry Drivers
2.3 Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Industry Opportunities and Challenges
2.4 Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Industry Restraints
3 Market Competitive Landscape by Company
3.1 Global Top Players by Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Revenue (2019-2024)
3.2 Global Top Players by Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales (2019-2024)
3.3 Global Top Players by Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Price (2019-2024)
3.4 Global Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Industry Company Ranking, 2022 VS 2023 VS 2024
3.5 Global Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Key Company Manufacturing Sites & Headquarters
3.6 Global Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Company, Product Type & Application
3.7 Global Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Company Commercialization Time
3.8 Market Competitive Analysis
3.8.1 Global Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Market CR5 and HHI
3.8.2 Global Top 5 and 10 Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Players Market Share by Revenue in 2023
3.8.3 2023 Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3
4 Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Regional Status and Outlook
4.1 Global Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Market Size and CAGR by Region: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
4.2 Global Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Historic Market Size by Region
4.2.1 Global Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales in Volume by Region (2019-2024)
4.2.2 Global Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales in Value by Region (2019-2024)
4.2.3 Global Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales (Volume & Value), Price and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
4.3 Global Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Forecasted Market Size by Region
4.3.1 Global Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales in Volume by Region (2025-2030)
4.3.2 Global Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales in Value by Region (2025-2030)
4.3.3 Global Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales (Volume & Value), Price and Gross Margin (2025-2030)
5 Voice Coil Motor (VCM) by Application
5.1 Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Market by Application
5.1.1 Below 5M
5.1.2 5M-8M
5.1.3 9M-12M
5.1.4 13M-16M
5.1.5 Above 16M
5.2 Global Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Market Size by Application
5.2.1 Global Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Market Size Overview by Application (2019-2030)
5.2.2 Global Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Historic Market Size Review by Application (2019-2024)
5.2.3 Global Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Forecasted Market Size by Application (2025-2030)
5.3 Key Regions Market Size by Application
5.3.1 North America Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Breakdown by Application (2019-2024)
5.3.2 Europe Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Breakdown by Application (2019-2024)
5.3.3 Asia-Pacific Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Breakdown by Application (2019-2024)
5.3.4 Latin America Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Breakdown by Application (2019-2024)
5.3.5 Middle East and Africa Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Breakdown by Application (2019-2024)
6 Company Profiles
6.1 ALPS ALPINE
6.1.1 ALPS ALPINE Comapny Information
6.1.2 ALPS ALPINE Business Overview
6.1.3 ALPS ALPINE Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
6.1.4 ALPS ALPINE Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Product Portfolio
6.1.5 ALPS ALPINE Recent Developments
6.2 Mitsumi
6.2.1 Mitsumi Comapny Information
6.2.2 Mitsumi Business Overview
6.2.3 Mitsumi Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
6.2.4 Mitsumi Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Product Portfolio
6.2.5 Mitsumi Recent Developments
6.3 TDK
6.3.1 TDK Comapny Information
6.3.2 TDK Business Overview
6.3.3 TDK Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
6.3.4 TDK Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Product Portfolio
6.3.5 TDK Recent Developments
6.4 JAHWA
6.4.1 JAHWA Comapny Information
6.4.2 JAHWA Business Overview
6.4.3 JAHWA Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
6.4.4 JAHWA Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Product Portfolio
6.4.5 JAHWA Recent Developments
6.5 SEMCO
6.5.1 SEMCO Comapny Information
6.5.2 SEMCO Business Overview
6.5.3 SEMCO Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
6.5.4 SEMCO Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Product Portfolio
6.5.5 SEMCO Recent Developments
6.6 Henan Hozel Electronics Co. LTD
6.6.1 Henan Hozel Electronics Co. LTD Comapny Information
6.6.2 Henan Hozel Electronics Co. LTD Business Overview
6.6.3 Henan Hozel Electronics Co. LTD Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
6.6.4 Henan Hozel Electronics Co. LTD Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Product Portfolio
6.6.5 Henan Hozel Electronics Co. LTD Recent Developments
6.7 Liaoning Zhonglan Electronic Technology Co.,Ltd.
6.7.1 Liaoning Zhonglan Electronic Technology Co.,Ltd. Comapny Information
6.7.2 Liaoning Zhonglan Electronic Technology Co.,Ltd. Business Overview
6.7.3 Liaoning Zhonglan Electronic Technology Co.,Ltd. Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
6.7.4 Liaoning Zhonglan Electronic Technology Co.,Ltd. Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Product Portfolio
6.7.5 Liaoning Zhonglan Electronic Technology Co.,Ltd. Recent Developments
6.8 New Shicoh Motor Co .,Ltd
6.8.1 New Shicoh Motor Co .,Ltd Comapny Information
6.8.2 New Shicoh Motor Co .,Ltd Business Overview
6.8.3 New Shicoh Motor Co .,Ltd Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
6.8.4 New Shicoh Motor Co .,Ltd Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Product Portfolio
6.8.5 New Shicoh Motor Co .,Ltd Recent Developments
6.9 Shanghai Billu Electronics Co., Ltd.
6.9.1 Shanghai Billu Electronics Co., Ltd. Comapny Information
6.9.2 Shanghai Billu Electronics Co., Ltd. Business Overview
6.9.3 Shanghai Billu Electronics Co., Ltd. Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
6.9.4 Shanghai Billu Electronics Co., Ltd. Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Product Portfolio
6.9.5 Shanghai Billu Electronics Co., Ltd. Recent Developments
6.10 Sanmeida Optical Technology Co., LTD
6.10.1 Sanmeida Optical Technology Co., LTD Comapny Information
6.10.2 Sanmeida Optical Technology Co., LTD Business Overview
6.10.3 Sanmeida Optical Technology Co., LTD Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
6.10.4 Sanmeida Optical Technology Co., LTD Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Product Portfolio
6.10.5 Sanmeida Optical Technology Co., LTD Recent Developments
6.11 Hysonic
6.11.1 Hysonic Comapny Information
6.11.2 Hysonic Business Overview
6.11.3 Hysonic Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
6.11.4 Hysonic Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Product Portfolio
6.11.5 Hysonic Recent Developments
6.12 LG Innotek
6.12.1 LG Innotek Comapny Information
6.12.2 LG Innotek Business Overview
6.12.3 LG Innotek Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
6.12.4 LG Innotek Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Product Portfolio
6.12.5 LG Innotek Recent Developments
6.13 Guixin Magnetoelectric Technology Co., Ltd.
6.13.1 Guixin Magnetoelectric Technology Co., Ltd. Comapny Information
6.13.2 Guixin Magnetoelectric Technology Co., Ltd. Business Overview
6.13.3 Guixin Magnetoelectric Technology Co., Ltd. Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
6.13.4 Guixin Magnetoelectric Technology Co., Ltd. Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Product Portfolio
6.13.5 Guixin Magnetoelectric Technology Co., Ltd. Recent Developments
6.14 Hysonic
6.14.1 Hysonic Comapny Information
6.14.2 Hysonic Business Overview
6.14.3 Hysonic Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
6.14.4 Hysonic Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Product Portfolio
6.14.5 Hysonic Recent Developments
6.15 Xinhongzhou Precision Technology Co.,Ltd.
6.15.1 Xinhongzhou Precision Technology Co.,Ltd. Comapny Information
6.15.2 Xinhongzhou Precision Technology Co.,Ltd. Business Overview
6.15.3 Xinhongzhou Precision Technology Co.,Ltd. Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
6.15.4 Xinhongzhou Precision Technology Co.,Ltd. Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Product Portfolio
6.15.5 Xinhongzhou Precision Technology Co.,Ltd. Recent Developments
6.16 Ningbo JCT Electronics Co.,Ltd.
6.16.1 Ningbo JCT Electronics Co.,Ltd. Comapny Information
6.16.2 Ningbo JCT Electronics Co.,Ltd. Business Overview
6.16.3 Ningbo JCT Electronics Co.,Ltd. Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
6.16.4 Ningbo JCT Electronics Co.,Ltd. Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Product Portfolio
6.16.5 Ningbo JCT Electronics Co.,Ltd. Recent Developments
6.17 JSS Optical Technology Co., Ltd.
6.17.1 JSS Optical Technology Co., Ltd. Comapny Information
6.17.2 JSS Optical Technology Co., Ltd. Business Overview
6.17.3 JSS Optical Technology Co., Ltd. Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
6.17.4 JSS Optical Technology Co., Ltd. Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Product Portfolio
6.17.5 JSS Optical Technology Co., Ltd. Recent Developments
7 North America by Country
7.1 North America Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales by Country
7.1.1 North America Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Growth Rate (CAGR) by Country: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
7.1.2 North America Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales by Country (2019-2024)
7.1.3 North America Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Forecast by Country (2025-2030)
7.2 North America Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Market Size by Country
7.2.1 North America Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Market Size Growth Rate (CAGR) by Country: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
7.2.2 North America Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Market Size by Country (2019-2024)
7.2.3 North America Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Market Size Forecast by Country (2025-2030)
8 Europe by Country
8.1 Europe Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales by Country
8.1.1 Europe Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Growth Rate (CAGR) by Country: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
8.1.2 Europe Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales by Country (2019-2024)
8.1.3 Europe Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Forecast by Country (2025-2030)
8.2 Europe Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Market Size by Country
8.2.1 Europe Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Market Size Growth Rate (CAGR) by Country: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
8.2.2 Europe Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Market Size by Country (2019-2024)
8.2.3 Europe Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Market Size Forecast by Country (2025-2030)
9 Asia-Pacific by Country
9.1 Asia-Pacific Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales by Country
9.1.1 Asia-Pacific Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Growth Rate (CAGR) by Country: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
9.1.2 Asia-Pacific Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales by Country (2019-2024)
9.1.3 Asia-Pacific Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Forecast by Country (2025-2030)
9.2 Asia-Pacific Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Market Size by Country
9.2.1 Asia-Pacific Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Market Size Growth Rate (CAGR) by Country: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
9.2.2 Asia-Pacific Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Market Size by Country (2019-2024)
9.2.3 Asia-Pacific Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Market Size Forecast by Country (2025-2030)
10 Latin America by Country
10.1 Latin America Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales by Country
10.1.1 Latin America Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Growth Rate (CAGR) by Country: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
10.1.2 Latin America Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales by Country (2019-2024)
10.1.3 Latin America Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Forecast by Country (2025-2030)
10.2 Latin America Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Market Size by Country
10.2.1 Latin America Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Market Size Growth Rate (CAGR) by Country: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
10.2.2 Latin America Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Market Size by Country (2019-2024)
10.2.3 Latin America Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Market Size Forecast by Country (2025-2030)
11 Middle East and Africa by Country
11.1 Middle East and Africa Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales by Country
11.1.1 Middle East and Africa Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Growth Rate (CAGR) by Country: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
11.1.2 Middle East and Africa Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales by Country (2019-2024)
11.1.3 Middle East and Africa Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Forecast by Country (2025-2030)
11.2 Middle East and Africa Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Market Size by Country
11.2.1 Middle East and Africa Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Market Size Growth Rate (CAGR) by Country: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
11.2.2 Middle East and Africa Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Market Size by Country (2019-2024)
11.2.3 Middle East and Africa Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Market Size Forecast by Country (2025-2030)
12 Value Chain and Sales Channels Analysis
12.1 Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Value Chain Analysis
12.1.1 Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Key Raw Materials
12.1.2 Key Raw Materials Price
12.1.3 Raw Materials Key Suppliers
12.1.4 Manufacturing Cost Structure
12.1.5 Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Production Mode & Process
12.2 Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Channels Analysis
12.2.1 Direct Comparison with Distribution Share
12.2.2 Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Distributors
12.2.3 Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Customers
13 Concluding Insights
14 Appendix
14.1 Reasons for Doing This Study
14.2 Research Methodology
14.3 Research Process
14.4 Authors List of This Report
14.5 Data Source
14.5.1 Secondary Sources
14.5.2 Primary Sources
14.6 Disclaimer

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