Global Tunnel Boring Machine Market Analysis and Forecast 2024-2030

Global Tunnel Boring Machine Market Analysis and Forecast 2024-2030


Summary

A tunnel boring machine (TBM) is a machine used to excavate tunnels with a circular cross section through a variety of soil and rock strata. They may also be used for micro tunneling. In Japan and China, The machines used for soil are called shield tunneling machines and machines used for hard rock are called tunnel boring machine. But in Europe and USA, they are called the same name tunnel boring machine. The research we did include all of them.

According to APO Research, The global Tunnel Boring Machine market is projected to grow from US$ million in 2024 to US$ million by 2030, at a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of % during the forecast period.

The US & Canada market for Tunnel Boring Machine is estimated to increase from $ million in 2024 to reach $ million by 2030, at a CAGR of % during the forecast period of 2025 through 2030.

Asia-Pacific market for Tunnel Boring Machine is estimated to increase from $ million in 2024 to reach $ million by 2030, at a CAGR of % during the forecast period of 2025 through 2030.

The China market for Tunnel Boring Machine is estimated to increase from $ million in 2024 to reach $ million by 2030, at a CAGR of % during the forecast period of 2025 through 2030.

Europe market for Tunnel Boring Machine is estimated to increase from $ million in 2024 to reach $ million by 2030, at a CAGR of % during the forecast period of 2025 through 2030.

The major global manufacturers of Tunnel Boring Machine include Herrenknecht, CRGIC, CRCHI, Tianhe Mechanical Equipment, Liaoning Censcience Industry Co., Ltd, Komatsu, NHI Group, Kawasaki and Terratec, etc. In 2023, the world's top three vendors accounted for approximately % of the revenue.

In terms of production side, this report researches the Tunnel Boring Machine production, growth rate, market share by manufacturers and by region (region level and country level), from 2019 to 2024, and forecast to 2030.

In terms of consumption side, this report focuses on the sales of Tunnel Boring Machine by region (region level and country level), by Company, by Type and by Application. from 2019 to 2024 and forecast to 2030.

This report presents an overview of global market for Tunnel Boring Machine, capacity, output, revenue and price. Analyses of the global market trends, with historic market revenue or sales data for 2019 - 2023, estimates for 2024, and projections of CAGR through 2030.

This report researches the key producers of Tunnel Boring Machine, also provides the consumption of main regions and countries. Of the upcoming market potential for Tunnel Boring Machine, and key regions or countries of focus to forecast this market into various segments and sub-segments. Country specific data and market value analysis for the U.S., Canada, Mexico, Brazil, China, Japan, South Korea, Southeast Asia, India, Germany, the U.K., Italy, Middle East, Africa, and Other Countries.

This report focuses on the Tunnel Boring Machine sales, revenue, market share and industry ranking of main manufacturers, data from 2019 to 2024. Identification of the major stakeholders in the global Tunnel Boring Machine market, and analysis of their competitive landscape and market positioning based on recent developments and segmental revenues. This report will help stakeholders to understand the competitive landscape and gain more insights and position their businesses and market strategies in a better way.

This report analyzes the segments data by Type and by Application, sales, revenue, and price, from 2019 to 2030. Evaluation and forecast the market size for Tunnel Boring Machine sales, projected growth trends, production technology, application and end-user industry.

Tunnel Boring Machine segment by Company

Herrenknecht
CRGIC
CRCHI
Tianhe Mechanical Equipment
Liaoning Censcience Industry Co., Ltd
Komatsu
NHI Group
Kawasaki
Terratec
Hitachi Zosen
Shanghai Tunnel Engineering Co., Ltd
Xugong Kaigong
JIMT
Tunnel Boring Machine segment by Type

Soft Ground TBMs
Hard Rock TBMs
Tunnel Boring Machine segment by Application

Railway and Highway
Municipal Engineering
City ​​Rail System
Others
Tunnel Boring Machine segment by Region

North America
U.S.
Canada
Europe
Germany
France
U.K.
Italy
Russia
Asia-Pacific
China
Japan
South Korea
India
Australia
China Taiwan
Indonesia
Thailand
Malaysia
Latin America
Mexico
Brazil
Argentina
Middle East & Africa
Turkey
Saudi Arabia
UAE

Study Objectives

1. To analyze and research the global status and future forecast, involving, production, value, consumption, growth rate (CAGR), market share, historical and forecast.
2. To present the key manufacturers, capacity, production, revenue, market share, and Recent Developments.
3. To split the breakdown data by regions, type, manufacturers, and Application.
4. To analyze the global and key regions market potential and advantage, opportunity and challenge, restraints, and risks.
5. To identify significant trends, drivers, influence factors in global and regions.
6. To analyze competitive developments such as expansions, agreements, new product launches, and acquisitions in the market.

Reasons to Buy This Report

1. This report will help the readers to understand the competition within the industries and strategies for the competitive environment to enhance the potential profit. The report also focuses on the competitive landscape of the global Tunnel Boring Machine market, and introduces in detail the market share, industry ranking, competitor ecosystem, market performance, new product development, operation situation, expansion, and acquisition. etc. of the main players, which helps the readers to identify the main competitors and deeply understand the competition pattern of the market.
2. This report will help stakeholders to understand the global industry status and trends of Tunnel Boring Machine and provides them with information on key market drivers, restraints, challenges, and opportunities.
3. This report will help stakeholders to understand competitors better and gain more insights to strengthen their position in their businesses. The competitive landscape section includes the market share and rank (in volume and value), competitor ecosystem, new product development, expansion, and acquisition.
4. This report stays updated with novel technology integration, features, and the latest developments in the market.
5. This report helps stakeholders to gain insights into which regions to target globally.
6. This report helps stakeholders to gain insights into the end-user perception concerning the adoption of Tunnel Boring Machine.
7. This report helps stakeholders to identify some of the key players in the market and understand their valuable contribution.

Chapter Outline

Chapter 1: Introduces the report scope of the report, executive summary of different market segments (by type and by application, etc), including the market size of each market segment, future development potential, and so on. It offers a high-level view of the current state of the market and its likely evolution in the short to mid-term, and long term.
Chapter 2: Introduces the market dynamics, latest developments of the market, the driving factors and restrictive factors of the market, the challenges and risks faced by manufacturers in the industry, and the analysis of relevant policies in the industry.
Chapter 3: Tunnel Boring Machine production/output of global and key producers (regions/countries). It provides a quantitative analysis of the production, and development potential of each producer in the next six years.
Chapter 4: Sales (consumption), revenue of Tunnel Boring Machine in global, regional level and country level. It provides a quantitative analysis of the market size and development potential of each region and its main countries and introduces the market development, future development prospects, market space of each country in the world.
Chapter 5: Detailed analysis of Tunnel Boring Machine manufacturers competitive landscape, price, sales, revenue, market share and industry ranking, latest development plan, merger, and acquisition information, etc.
Chapter 6: Provides the analysis of various market segments by type, covering the sales, revenue, average price, and development potential of each market segment, to help readers find the blue ocean market in different market segments.
Chapter 7: Provides the analysis of various market segments by application, covering the sales, revenue, average price, and development potential of each market segment, to help readers find the blue ocean market in different downstream markets.
Chapter 8: Provides profiles of key manufacturers, introducing the basic situation of the main companies in the market in detail, including product descriptions and specifications, Tunnel Boring Machine sales, revenue, price, gross margin, and recent development, etc.
Chapter 9: North America (US & Canada) by type, by application and by country, sales, and revenue for each segment.
Chapter 10: Europe by type, by application and by country, sales, and revenue for each segment.
Chapter 11: China by type, by application, sales, and revenue for each segment.
Chapter 12: Asia (Excluding China) by type, by application and by region, sales, and revenue for each segment.
Chapter 13: Middle East, Africa, Latin America by type, by application and by country, sales, and revenue for each segment.
Chapter 14: Analysis of industrial chain, sales channel, key raw materials, distributors and customers.
Chapter 15: The main concluding insights of the report.


1 Market Overview
1.1 Product Definition
1.2 Tunnel Boring Machine Market by Type
1.2.1 Global Tunnel Boring Machine Market Size by Type, 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
1.2.2 Soft Ground TBMs
1.2.3 Hard Rock TBMs
1.3 Tunnel Boring Machine Market by Application
1.3.1 Global Tunnel Boring Machine Market Size by Application, 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
1.3.2 Railway and Highway
1.3.3 Municipal Engineering
1.3.4 City ​​Rail System
1.3.5 Others
1.4 Assumptions and Limitations
1.5 Study Goals and Objectives
2 Tunnel Boring Machine Market Dynamics
2.1 Tunnel Boring Machine Industry Trends
2.2 Tunnel Boring Machine Industry Drivers
2.3 Tunnel Boring Machine Industry Opportunities and Challenges
2.4 Tunnel Boring Machine Industry Restraints
3 Global Tunnel Boring Machine Production Overview
3.1 Global Tunnel Boring Machine Production Capacity (2019-2030)
3.2 Global Tunnel Boring Machine Production by Region: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
3.3 Global Tunnel Boring Machine Production by Region
3.3.1 Global Tunnel Boring Machine Production by Region (2019-2024)
3.3.2 Global Tunnel Boring Machine Production by Region (2025-2030)
3.3.3 Global Tunnel Boring Machine Production Market Share by Region (2019-2030)
3.4 North America
3.5 Europe
3.6 China
3.7 Japan
4 Global Market Growth Prospects
4.1 Global Tunnel Boring Machine Revenue Estimates and Forecasts (2019-2030)
4.2 Global Tunnel Boring Machine Revenue by Region
4.2.1 Global Tunnel Boring Machine Revenue by Region: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
4.2.2 Global Tunnel Boring Machine Revenue by Region (2019-2024)
4.2.3 Global Tunnel Boring Machine Revenue by Region (2025-2030)
4.2.4 Global Tunnel Boring Machine Revenue Market Share by Region (2019-2030)
4.3 Global Tunnel Boring Machine Sales Estimates and Forecasts 2019-2030
4.4 Global Tunnel Boring Machine Sales by Region
4.4.1 Global Tunnel Boring Machine Sales by Region: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
4.4.2 Global Tunnel Boring Machine Sales by Region (2019-2024)
4.4.3 Global Tunnel Boring Machine Sales by Region (2025-2030)
4.4.4 Global Tunnel Boring Machine Sales Market Share by Region (2019-2030)
4.5 US & Canada
4.6 Europe
4.7 China
4.8 Asia (Excluding China)
4.9 Middle East, Africa and Latin America
5 Market Competitive Landscape by Manufacturers
5.1 Global Tunnel Boring Machine Revenue by Manufacturers
5.1.1 Global Tunnel Boring Machine Revenue by Manufacturers (2019-2024)
5.1.2 Global Tunnel Boring Machine Revenue Market Share by Manufacturers (2019-2024)
5.1.3 Global Tunnel Boring Machine Manufacturers Revenue Share Top 10 and Top 5 in 2023
5.2 Global Tunnel Boring Machine Sales by Manufacturers
5.2.1 Global Tunnel Boring Machine Sales by Manufacturers (2019-2024)
5.2.2 Global Tunnel Boring Machine Sales Market Share by Manufacturers (2019-2024)
5.2.3 Global Tunnel Boring Machine Manufacturers Sales Share Top 10 and Top 5 in 2023
5.3 Global Tunnel Boring Machine Sales Price by Manufacturers (2019-2024)
5.4 Global Tunnel Boring Machine Key Manufacturers Ranking, 2022 VS 2023 VS 2024
5.5 Global Tunnel Boring Machine Key Manufacturers Manufacturing Sites & Headquarters
5.6 Global Tunnel Boring Machine Manufacturers, Product Type & Application
5.7 Global Tunnel Boring Machine Manufacturers Commercialization Time
5.8 Market Competitive Analysis
5.8.1 Global Tunnel Boring Machine Market CR5 and HHI
5.8.2 2023 Tunnel Boring Machine Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3
6 Tunnel Boring Machine Market by Type
6.1 Global Tunnel Boring Machine Revenue by Type
6.1.1 Global Tunnel Boring Machine Revenue by Type (2019 VS 2023 VS 2030)
6.1.2 Global Tunnel Boring Machine Revenue by Type (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
6.1.3 Global Tunnel Boring Machine Revenue Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
6.2 Global Tunnel Boring Machine Sales by Type
6.2.1 Global Tunnel Boring Machine Sales by Type (2019 VS 2023 VS 2030)
6.2.2 Global Tunnel Boring Machine Sales by Type (2019-2030) & (Units)
6.2.3 Global Tunnel Boring Machine Sales Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
6.3 Global Tunnel Boring Machine Price by Type
7 Tunnel Boring Machine Market by Application
7.1 Global Tunnel Boring Machine Revenue by Application
7.1.1 Global Tunnel Boring Machine Revenue by Application (2019 VS 2023 VS 2030)
7.1.2 Global Tunnel Boring Machine Revenue by Application (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
7.1.3 Global Tunnel Boring Machine Revenue Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
7.2 Global Tunnel Boring Machine Sales by Application
7.2.1 Global Tunnel Boring Machine Sales by Application (2019 VS 2023 VS 2030)
7.2.2 Global Tunnel Boring Machine Sales by Application (2019-2030) & (Units)
7.2.3 Global Tunnel Boring Machine Sales Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
7.3 Global Tunnel Boring Machine Price by Application
8 Company Profiles
8.1 Herrenknecht
8.1.1 Herrenknecht Comapny Information
8.1.2 Herrenknecht Business Overview
8.1.3 Herrenknecht Tunnel Boring Machine Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
8.1.4 Herrenknecht Tunnel Boring Machine Product Portfolio
8.1.5 Herrenknecht Recent Developments
8.2 CRGIC
8.2.1 CRGIC Comapny Information
8.2.2 CRGIC Business Overview
8.2.3 CRGIC Tunnel Boring Machine Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
8.2.4 CRGIC Tunnel Boring Machine Product Portfolio
8.2.5 CRGIC Recent Developments
8.3 CRCHI
8.3.1 CRCHI Comapny Information
8.3.2 CRCHI Business Overview
8.3.3 CRCHI Tunnel Boring Machine Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
8.3.4 CRCHI Tunnel Boring Machine Product Portfolio
8.3.5 CRCHI Recent Developments
8.4 Tianhe Mechanical Equipment
8.4.1 Tianhe Mechanical Equipment Comapny Information
8.4.2 Tianhe Mechanical Equipment Business Overview
8.4.3 Tianhe Mechanical Equipment Tunnel Boring Machine Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
8.4.4 Tianhe Mechanical Equipment Tunnel Boring Machine Product Portfolio
8.4.5 Tianhe Mechanical Equipment Recent Developments
8.5 Liaoning Censcience Industry Co., Ltd
8.5.1 Liaoning Censcience Industry Co., Ltd Comapny Information
8.5.2 Liaoning Censcience Industry Co., Ltd Business Overview
8.5.3 Liaoning Censcience Industry Co., Ltd Tunnel Boring Machine Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
8.5.4 Liaoning Censcience Industry Co., Ltd Tunnel Boring Machine Product Portfolio
8.5.5 Liaoning Censcience Industry Co., Ltd Recent Developments
8.6 Komatsu
8.6.1 Komatsu Comapny Information
8.6.2 Komatsu Business Overview
8.6.3 Komatsu Tunnel Boring Machine Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
8.6.4 Komatsu Tunnel Boring Machine Product Portfolio
8.6.5 Komatsu Recent Developments
8.7 NHI Group
8.7.1 NHI Group Comapny Information
8.7.2 NHI Group Business Overview
8.7.3 NHI Group Tunnel Boring Machine Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
8.7.4 NHI Group Tunnel Boring Machine Product Portfolio
8.7.5 NHI Group Recent Developments
8.8 Kawasaki
8.8.1 Kawasaki Comapny Information
8.8.2 Kawasaki Business Overview
8.8.3 Kawasaki Tunnel Boring Machine Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
8.8.4 Kawasaki Tunnel Boring Machine Product Portfolio
8.8.5 Kawasaki Recent Developments
8.9 Terratec
8.9.1 Terratec Comapny Information
8.9.2 Terratec Business Overview
8.9.3 Terratec Tunnel Boring Machine Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
8.9.4 Terratec Tunnel Boring Machine Product Portfolio
8.9.5 Terratec Recent Developments
8.10 Hitachi Zosen
8.10.1 Hitachi Zosen Comapny Information
8.10.2 Hitachi Zosen Business Overview
8.10.3 Hitachi Zosen Tunnel Boring Machine Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
8.10.4 Hitachi Zosen Tunnel Boring Machine Product Portfolio
8.10.5 Hitachi Zosen Recent Developments
8.11 Shanghai Tunnel Engineering Co., Ltd
8.11.1 Shanghai Tunnel Engineering Co., Ltd Comapny Information
8.11.2 Shanghai Tunnel Engineering Co., Ltd Business Overview
8.11.3 Shanghai Tunnel Engineering Co., Ltd Tunnel Boring Machine Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
8.11.4 Shanghai Tunnel Engineering Co., Ltd Tunnel Boring Machine Product Portfolio
8.11.5 Shanghai Tunnel Engineering Co., Ltd Recent Developments
8.12 Xugong Kaigong
8.12.1 Xugong Kaigong Comapny Information
8.12.2 Xugong Kaigong Business Overview
8.12.3 Xugong Kaigong Tunnel Boring Machine Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
8.12.4 Xugong Kaigong Tunnel Boring Machine Product Portfolio
8.12.5 Xugong Kaigong Recent Developments
8.13 JIMT
8.13.1 JIMT Comapny Information
8.13.2 JIMT Business Overview
8.13.3 JIMT Tunnel Boring Machine Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
8.13.4 JIMT Tunnel Boring Machine Product Portfolio
8.13.5 JIMT Recent Developments
9 North America
9.1 North America Tunnel Boring Machine Market Size by Type
9.1.1 North America Tunnel Boring Machine Revenue by Type (2019-2030)
9.1.2 North America Tunnel Boring Machine Sales by Type (2019-2030)
9.1.3 North America Tunnel Boring Machine Price by Type (2019-2030)
9.2 North America Tunnel Boring Machine Market Size by Application
9.2.1 North America Tunnel Boring Machine Revenue by Application (2019-2030)
9.2.2 North America Tunnel Boring Machine Sales by Application (2019-2030)
9.2.3 North America Tunnel Boring Machine Price by Application (2019-2030)
9.3 North America Tunnel Boring Machine Market Size by Country
9.3.1 North America Tunnel Boring Machine Revenue Grow Rate by Country (2019 VS 2023 VS 2030)
9.3.2 North America Tunnel Boring Machine Sales by Country (2019 VS 2023 VS 2030)
9.3.3 North America Tunnel Boring Machine Price by Country (2019-2030)
9.3.4 U.S.
9.3.5 Canada
10 Europe
10.1 Europe Tunnel Boring Machine Market Size by Type
10.1.1 Europe Tunnel Boring Machine Revenue by Type (2019-2030)
10.1.2 Europe Tunnel Boring Machine Sales by Type (2019-2030)
10.1.3 Europe Tunnel Boring Machine Price by Type (2019-2030)
10.2 Europe Tunnel Boring Machine Market Size by Application
10.2.1 Europe Tunnel Boring Machine Revenue by Application (2019-2030)
10.2.2 Europe Tunnel Boring Machine Sales by Application (2019-2030)
10.2.3 Europe Tunnel Boring Machine Price by Application (2019-2030)
10.3 Europe Tunnel Boring Machine Market Size by Country
10.3.1 Europe Tunnel Boring Machine Revenue Grow Rate by Country (2019 VS 2023 VS 2030)
10.3.2 Europe Tunnel Boring Machine Sales by Country (2019 VS 2023 VS 2030)
10.3.3 Europe Tunnel Boring Machine Price by Country (2019-2030)
10.3.4 Germany
10.3.5 France
10.3.6 U.K.
10.3.7 Italy
10.3.8 Russia
11 China
11.1 China Tunnel Boring Machine Market Size by Type
11.1.1 China Tunnel Boring Machine Revenue by Type (2019-2030)
11.1.2 China Tunnel Boring Machine Sales by Type (2019-2030)
11.1.3 China Tunnel Boring Machine Price by Type (2019-2030)
11.2 China Tunnel Boring Machine Market Size by Application
11.2.1 China Tunnel Boring Machine Revenue by Application (2019-2030)
11.2.2 China Tunnel Boring Machine Sales by Application (2019-2030)
11.2.3 China Tunnel Boring Machine Price by Application (2019-2030)
12 Asia (Excluding China)
12.1 Asia Tunnel Boring Machine Market Size by Type
12.1.1 Asia Tunnel Boring Machine Revenue by Type (2019-2030)
12.1.2 Asia Tunnel Boring Machine Sales by Type (2019-2030)
12.1.3 Asia Tunnel Boring Machine Price by Type (2019-2030)
12.2 Asia Tunnel Boring Machine Market Size by Application
12.2.1 Asia Tunnel Boring Machine Revenue by Application (2019-2030)
12.2.2 Asia Tunnel Boring Machine Sales by Application (2019-2030)
12.2.3 Asia Tunnel Boring Machine Price by Application (2019-2030)
12.3 Asia Tunnel Boring Machine Market Size by Country
12.3.1 Asia Tunnel Boring Machine Revenue Grow Rate by Country (2019 VS 2023 VS 2030)
12.3.2 Asia Tunnel Boring Machine Sales by Country (2019 VS 2023 VS 2030)
12.3.3 Asia Tunnel Boring Machine Price by Country (2019-2030)
12.3.4 Japan
12.3.5 South Korea
12.3.6 India
12.3.7 Australia
12.3.8 China Taiwan
12.3.9 Southeast Asia
13 Middle East, Africa and Latin America
13.1 Middle East, Africa and Latin America Tunnel Boring Machine Market Size by Type
13.1.1 Middle East, Africa and Latin America Tunnel Boring Machine Revenue by Type (2019-2030)
13.1.2 Middle East, Africa and Latin America Tunnel Boring Machine Sales by Type (2019-2030)
13.1.3 Middle East, Africa and Latin America Tunnel Boring Machine Price by Type (2019-2030)
13.2 Middle East, Africa and Latin America Tunnel Boring Machine Market Size by Application
13.2.1 Middle East, Africa and Latin America Tunnel Boring Machine Revenue by Application (2019-2030)
13.2.2 Middle East, Africa and Latin America Tunnel Boring Machine Sales by Application (2019-2030)
13.2.3 Middle East, Africa and Latin America Tunnel Boring Machine Price by Application (2019-2030)
13.3 Middle East, Africa and Latin America Tunnel Boring Machine Market Size by Country
13.3.1 Middle East, Africa and Latin America Tunnel Boring Machine Revenue Grow Rate by Country (2019 VS 2023 VS 2030)
13.3.2 Middle East, Africa and Latin America Tunnel Boring Machine Sales by Country (2019 VS 2023 VS 2030)
13.3.3 Middle East, Africa and Latin America Tunnel Boring Machine Price by Country (2019-2030)
13.3.4 Mexico
13.3.5 Brazil
13.3.6 Israel
13.3.7 Argentina
13.3.8 Colombia
13.3.9 Turkey
13.3.10 Saudi Arabia
13.3.11 UAE
14 Value Chain and Sales Channels Analysis
14.1 Tunnel Boring Machine Value Chain Analysis
14.1.1 Tunnel Boring Machine Key Raw Materials
14.1.2 Raw Materials Key Suppliers
14.1.3 Manufacturing Cost Structure
14.1.4 Tunnel Boring Machine Production Mode & Process
14.2 Tunnel Boring Machine Sales Channels Analysis
14.2.1 Direct Comparison with Distribution Share
14.2.2 Tunnel Boring Machine Distributors
14.2.3 Tunnel Boring Machine Customers
15 Concluding Insights
16 Appendix
16.1 Reasons for Doing This Study
16.2 Research Methodology
16.3 Research Process
16.4 Authors List of This Report
16.5 Data Source
16.5.1 Secondary Sources
16.5.2 Primary Sources
16.6 Disclaimer

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